diff --git a/models/error.go b/models/error.go
index 956b240097..1179fa6eb7 100644
--- a/models/error.go
+++ b/models/error.go
@@ -1876,25 +1876,6 @@ func (err ErrTeamNotExist) Error() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("team does not exist [org_id %d, team_id %d, name: %s]", err.OrgID, err.TeamID, err.Name)
 }
 
-//
-// Two-factor authentication
-//
-
-// ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled indicates that a user is not enrolled in two-factor authentication.
-type ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled struct {
-	UID int64
-}
-
-// IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled checks if an error is a ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled.
-func IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err error) bool {
-	_, ok := err.(ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled)
-	return ok
-}
-
-func (err ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("user not enrolled in 2FA [uid: %d]", err.UID)
-}
-
 //  ____ ___        .__                    .___
 // |    |   \______ |  |   _________     __| _/
 // |    |   /\____ \|  |  /  _ \__  \   / __ |
@@ -1959,28 +1940,6 @@ func (err ErrExternalLoginUserNotExist) Error() string {
 	return fmt.Sprintf("external login user link does not exists [userID: %d, loginSourceID: %d]", err.UserID, err.LoginSourceID)
 }
 
-// ____ ________________________________              .__          __                 __  .__
-// |    |   \_____  \_   _____/\______   \ ____   ____ |__| _______/  |_____________ _/  |_|__| ____   ____
-// |    |   //  ____/|    __)   |       _// __ \ / ___\|  |/  ___/\   __\_  __ \__  \\   __\  |/  _ \ /    \
-// |    |  //       \|     \    |    |   \  ___// /_/  >  |\___ \  |  |  |  | \// __ \|  | |  (  <_> )   |  \
-// |______/ \_______ \___  /    |____|_  /\___  >___  /|__/____  > |__|  |__|  (____  /__| |__|\____/|___|  /
-// \/   \/            \/     \/_____/         \/                   \/                    \/
-
-// ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist represents a "ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist" kind of error.
-type ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist struct {
-	ID int64
-}
-
-func (err ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist) Error() string {
-	return fmt.Sprintf("U2F registration does not exist [id: %d]", err.ID)
-}
-
-// IsErrU2FRegistrationNotExist checks if an error is a ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist.
-func IsErrU2FRegistrationNotExist(err error) bool {
-	_, ok := err.(ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist)
-	return ok
-}
-
 // .___                            ________                                   .___                   .__
 // |   | ______ ________ __   ____ \______ \   ____ ______   ____   ____    __| _/____   ____   ____ |__| ____   ______
 // |   |/  ___//  ___/  |  \_/ __ \ |    |  \_/ __ \\____ \_/ __ \ /    \  / __ |/ __ \ /    \_/ ___\|  |/ __ \ /  ___/
diff --git a/models/login/main_test.go b/models/login/main_test.go
index ef4b5907bf..141952a594 100644
--- a/models/login/main_test.go
+++ b/models/login/main_test.go
@@ -17,5 +17,6 @@ func TestMain(m *testing.M) {
 		"oauth2_application.yml",
 		"oauth2_authorization_code.yml",
 		"oauth2_grant.yml",
+		"u2f_registration.yml",
 	)
 }
diff --git a/models/twofactor.go b/models/login/twofactor.go
similarity index 83%
rename from models/twofactor.go
rename to models/login/twofactor.go
index dd7fde77e2..1c4d2734fc 100644
--- a/models/twofactor.go
+++ b/models/login/twofactor.go
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
-package models
+package login
 
 import (
 	"crypto/md5"
@@ -21,6 +21,25 @@ import (
 	"golang.org/x/crypto/pbkdf2"
 )
 
+//
+// Two-factor authentication
+//
+
+// ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled indicates that a user is not enrolled in two-factor authentication.
+type ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled struct {
+	UID int64
+}
+
+// IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled checks if an error is a ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled.
+func IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err error) bool {
+	_, ok := err.(ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled)
+	return ok
+}
+
+func (err ErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("user not enrolled in 2FA [uid: %d]", err.UID)
+}
+
 // TwoFactor represents a two-factor authentication token.
 type TwoFactor struct {
 	ID               int64 `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
@@ -44,11 +63,12 @@ func (t *TwoFactor) GenerateScratchToken() (string, error) {
 		return "", err
 	}
 	t.ScratchSalt, _ = util.RandomString(10)
-	t.ScratchHash = hashToken(token, t.ScratchSalt)
+	t.ScratchHash = HashToken(token, t.ScratchSalt)
 	return token, nil
 }
 
-func hashToken(token, salt string) string {
+// HashToken return the hashable salt
+func HashToken(token, salt string) string {
 	tempHash := pbkdf2.Key([]byte(token), []byte(salt), 10000, 50, sha256.New)
 	return fmt.Sprintf("%x", tempHash)
 }
@@ -58,7 +78,7 @@ func (t *TwoFactor) VerifyScratchToken(token string) bool {
 	if len(token) == 0 {
 		return false
 	}
-	tempHash := hashToken(token, t.ScratchSalt)
+	tempHash := HashToken(token, t.ScratchSalt)
 	return subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(t.ScratchHash), []byte(tempHash)) == 1
 }
 
diff --git a/models/u2f.go b/models/login/u2f.go
similarity index 71%
rename from models/u2f.go
rename to models/login/u2f.go
index 17b8295626..64b1fb322a 100644
--- a/models/u2f.go
+++ b/models/login/u2f.go
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
-package models
+package login
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
+
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@@ -12,6 +14,28 @@ import (
 	"github.com/tstranex/u2f"
 )
 
+// ____ ________________________________              .__          __                 __  .__
+// |    |   \_____  \_   _____/\______   \ ____   ____ |__| _______/  |_____________ _/  |_|__| ____   ____
+// |    |   //  ____/|    __)   |       _// __ \ / ___\|  |/  ___/\   __\_  __ \__  \\   __\  |/  _ \ /    \
+// |    |  //       \|     \    |    |   \  ___// /_/  >  |\___ \  |  |  |  | \// __ \|  | |  (  <_> )   |  \
+// |______/ \_______ \___  /    |____|_  /\___  >___  /|__/____  > |__|  |__|  (____  /__| |__|\____/|___|  /
+// \/   \/            \/     \/_____/         \/                   \/                    \/
+
+// ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist represents a "ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist" kind of error.
+type ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist struct {
+	ID int64
+}
+
+func (err ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist) Error() string {
+	return fmt.Sprintf("U2F registration does not exist [id: %d]", err.ID)
+}
+
+// IsErrU2FRegistrationNotExist checks if an error is a ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist.
+func IsErrU2FRegistrationNotExist(err error) bool {
+	_, ok := err.(ErrU2FRegistrationNotExist)
+	return ok
+}
+
 // U2FRegistration represents the registration data and counter of a security key
 type U2FRegistration struct {
 	ID          int64 `xorm:"pk autoincr"`
@@ -91,13 +115,13 @@ func GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(uid int64) (U2FRegistrationList, error) {
 	return getU2FRegistrationsByUID(db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext), uid)
 }
 
-func createRegistration(e db.Engine, user *User, name string, reg *u2f.Registration) (*U2FRegistration, error) {
+func createRegistration(e db.Engine, userID int64, name string, reg *u2f.Registration) (*U2FRegistration, error) {
 	raw, err := reg.MarshalBinary()
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, err
 	}
 	r := &U2FRegistration{
-		UserID:  user.ID,
+		UserID:  userID,
 		Name:    name,
 		Counter: 0,
 		Raw:     raw,
@@ -110,8 +134,8 @@ func createRegistration(e db.Engine, user *User, name string, reg *u2f.Registrat
 }
 
 // CreateRegistration will create a new U2FRegistration from the given Registration
-func CreateRegistration(user *User, name string, reg *u2f.Registration) (*U2FRegistration, error) {
-	return createRegistration(db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext), user, name, reg)
+func CreateRegistration(userID int64, name string, reg *u2f.Registration) (*U2FRegistration, error) {
+	return createRegistration(db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext), userID, name, reg)
 }
 
 // DeleteRegistration will delete U2FRegistration
diff --git a/models/u2f_test.go b/models/login/u2f_test.go
similarity index 91%
rename from models/u2f_test.go
rename to models/login/u2f_test.go
index 44eca6953d..b0305775ca 100644
--- a/models/u2f_test.go
+++ b/models/login/u2f_test.go
@@ -2,12 +2,13 @@
 // Use of this source code is governed by a MIT-style
 // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
 
-package models
+package login
 
 import (
 	"testing"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
 	"github.com/tstranex/u2f"
 )
@@ -55,14 +56,13 @@ func TestU2FRegistration_UpdateLargeCounter(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestCreateRegistration(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NoError(t, db.PrepareTestDatabase())
-	user := db.AssertExistsAndLoadBean(t, &User{ID: 1}).(*User)
 
-	res, err := CreateRegistration(user, "U2F Created Key", &u2f.Registration{Raw: []byte("Test")})
+	res, err := CreateRegistration(1, "U2F Created Key", &u2f.Registration{Raw: []byte("Test")})
 	assert.NoError(t, err)
 	assert.Equal(t, "U2F Created Key", res.Name)
 	assert.Equal(t, []byte("Test"), res.Raw)
 
-	db.AssertExistsIf(t, true, &U2FRegistration{Name: "U2F Created Key", UserID: user.ID})
+	db.AssertExistsIf(t, true, &U2FRegistration{Name: "U2F Created Key", UserID: 1})
 }
 
 func TestDeleteRegistration(t *testing.T) {
diff --git a/models/pull_sign.go b/models/pull_sign.go
index 2e7cbff48b..028a3e5c3b 100644
--- a/models/pull_sign.go
+++ b/models/pull_sign.go
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ package models
 
 import (
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -44,8 +45,8 @@ Loop:
 				return false, "", nil, &ErrWontSign{pubkey}
 			}
 		case twofa:
-			twofaModel, err := GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
-			if err != nil && !IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+			twofaModel, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+			if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 				return false, "", nil, err
 			}
 			if twofaModel == nil {
diff --git a/models/repo_sign.go b/models/repo_sign.go
index ae0895df76..f7a303b0c1 100644
--- a/models/repo_sign.go
+++ b/models/repo_sign.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/process"
@@ -129,8 +130,8 @@ Loop:
 				return false, "", nil, &ErrWontSign{pubkey}
 			}
 		case twofa:
-			twofaModel, err := GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
-			if err != nil && !IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+			twofaModel, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+			if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 				return false, "", nil, err
 			}
 			if twofaModel == nil {
@@ -165,8 +166,8 @@ Loop:
 				return false, "", nil, &ErrWontSign{pubkey}
 			}
 		case twofa:
-			twofaModel, err := GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
-			if err != nil && !IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+			twofaModel, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+			if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 				return false, "", nil, err
 			}
 			if twofaModel == nil {
@@ -218,8 +219,8 @@ Loop:
 				return false, "", nil, &ErrWontSign{pubkey}
 			}
 		case twofa:
-			twofaModel, err := GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
-			if err != nil && !IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+			twofaModel, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+			if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 				return false, "", nil, err
 			}
 			if twofaModel == nil {
diff --git a/models/token.go b/models/token.go
index 07d013ac8e..3cffdd9ba2 100644
--- a/models/token.go
+++ b/models/token.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/base"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/timeutil"
@@ -67,7 +68,7 @@ func NewAccessToken(t *AccessToken) error {
 	}
 	t.TokenSalt = salt
 	t.Token = base.EncodeSha1(gouuid.New().String())
-	t.TokenHash = hashToken(t.Token, t.TokenSalt)
+	t.TokenHash = login.HashToken(t.Token, t.TokenSalt)
 	t.TokenLastEight = t.Token[len(t.Token)-8:]
 	_, err = db.GetEngine(db.DefaultContext).Insert(t)
 	return err
@@ -129,7 +130,7 @@ func GetAccessTokenBySHA(token string) (*AccessToken, error) {
 	}
 
 	for _, t := range tokens {
-		tempHash := hashToken(token, t.TokenSalt)
+		tempHash := login.HashToken(token, t.TokenSalt)
 		if subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(t.TokenHash), []byte(tempHash)) == 1 {
 			if successfulAccessTokenCache != nil {
 				successfulAccessTokenCache.Add(token, t.ID)
diff --git a/models/userlist.go b/models/userlist.go
index bfa7ea1e2e..aebdb4f48c 100644
--- a/models/userlist.go
+++ b/models/userlist.go
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/db"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 )
 
@@ -79,13 +80,13 @@ func (users UserList) GetTwoFaStatus() map[int64]bool {
 	return results
 }
 
-func (users UserList) loadTwoFactorStatus(e db.Engine) (map[int64]*TwoFactor, error) {
+func (users UserList) loadTwoFactorStatus(e db.Engine) (map[int64]*login.TwoFactor, error) {
 	if len(users) == 0 {
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
 	userIDs := users.getUserIDs()
-	tokenMaps := make(map[int64]*TwoFactor, len(userIDs))
+	tokenMaps := make(map[int64]*login.TwoFactor, len(userIDs))
 	err := e.
 		In("uid", userIDs).
 		Find(&tokenMaps)
diff --git a/modules/context/api.go b/modules/context/api.go
index e80e63cd96..e5216d911f 100644
--- a/modules/context/api.go
+++ b/modules/context/api.go
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -219,9 +220,9 @@ func (ctx *APIContext) CheckForOTP() {
 	}
 
 	otpHeader := ctx.Req.Header.Get("X-Gitea-OTP")
-	twofa, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.Context.User.ID)
+	twofa, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.Context.User.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			return // No 2FA enrollment for this user
 		}
 		ctx.Context.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError)
diff --git a/modules/context/auth.go b/modules/context/auth.go
index 0a62b2741e..7faa93d78b 100644
--- a/modules/context/auth.go
+++ b/modules/context/auth.go
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ package context
 import (
 	"net/http"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/web/middleware"
@@ -154,9 +154,9 @@ func ToggleAPI(options *ToggleOptions) func(ctx *APIContext) {
 				if skip, ok := ctx.Data["SkipLocalTwoFA"]; ok && skip.(bool) {
 					return // Skip 2FA
 				}
-				twofa, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+				twofa, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 				if err != nil {
-					if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+					if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 						return // No 2FA enrollment for this user
 					}
 					ctx.InternalServerError(err)
diff --git a/routers/web/admin/users.go b/routers/web/admin/users.go
index 2556cae3a8..ea666ab4d4 100644
--- a/routers/web/admin/users.go
+++ b/routers/web/admin/users.go
@@ -195,9 +195,9 @@ func prepareUserInfo(ctx *context.Context) *models.User {
 	ctx.Data["Sources"] = sources
 
 	ctx.Data["TwoFactorEnabled"] = true
-	_, err = models.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+	_, err = login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.ServerError("IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled", err)
 			return nil
 		}
@@ -295,13 +295,13 @@ func EditUserPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	if form.Reset2FA {
-		tf, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
-		if err != nil && !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		tf, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+		if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.ServerError("GetTwoFactorByUID", err)
 			return
 		}
 
-		if err = models.DeleteTwoFactorByID(tf.ID, u.ID); err != nil {
+		if err = login.DeleteTwoFactorByID(tf.ID, u.ID); err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("DeleteTwoFactorByID", err)
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/routers/web/repo/http.go b/routers/web/repo/http.go
index fbd1e19a82..162338a959 100644
--- a/routers/web/repo/http.go
+++ b/routers/web/repo/http.go
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/git"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
@@ -174,12 +175,12 @@ func httpBase(ctx *context.Context) (h *serviceHandler) {
 		}
 
 		if ctx.IsBasicAuth && ctx.Data["IsApiToken"] != true {
-			_, err = models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+			_, err = login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 			if err == nil {
 				// TODO: This response should be changed to "invalid credentials" for security reasons once the expectation behind it (creating an app token to authenticate) is properly documented
 				ctx.HandleText(http.StatusUnauthorized, "Users with two-factor authentication enabled cannot perform HTTP/HTTPS operations via plain username and password. Please create and use a personal access token on the user settings page")
 				return
-			} else if !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+			} else if !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 				ctx.ServerError("IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled", err)
 				return
 			}
diff --git a/routers/web/user/auth.go b/routers/web/user/auth.go
index 733ace81b0..12328e46a1 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/auth.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/auth.go
@@ -213,9 +213,9 @@ func SignInPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 	// If this user is enrolled in 2FA, we can't sign the user in just yet.
 	// Instead, redirect them to the 2FA authentication page.
-	_, err = models.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+	_, err = login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			handleSignIn(ctx, u, form.Remember)
 		} else {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
@@ -237,7 +237,7 @@ func SignInPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	regs, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(u.ID)
+	regs, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(u.ID)
 	if err == nil && len(regs) > 0 {
 		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/u2f")
 		return
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ func TwoFactorPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	id := idSess.(int64)
-	twofa, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(id)
+	twofa, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 		return
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ func TwoFactorPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		}
 
 		twofa.LastUsedPasscode = form.Passcode
-		if err = models.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
+		if err = login.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ func TwoFactorScratchPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 
 	id := idSess.(int64)
-	twofa, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(id)
+	twofa, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 		return
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ func TwoFactorScratchPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 			return
 		}
-		if err = models.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
+		if err = login.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ func U2FChallenge(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 	id := idSess.(int64)
-	regs, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(id)
+	regs, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 		return
@@ -454,7 +454,7 @@ func U2FSign(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 	challenge := challSess.(*u2f.Challenge)
 	id := idSess.(int64)
-	regs, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(id)
+	regs, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(id)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 		return
@@ -717,8 +717,8 @@ func handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx *context.Context, source *login.Source, u *models.Us
 
 	needs2FA := false
 	if !source.Cfg.(*oauth2.Source).SkipLocalTwoFA {
-		_, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
-		if err != nil && !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		_, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+		if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ func handleOAuth2SignIn(ctx *context.Context, source *login.Source, u *models.Us
 	}
 
 	// If U2F is enrolled -> Redirect to U2F instead
-	regs, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(u.ID)
+	regs, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(u.ID)
 	if err == nil && len(regs) > 0 {
 		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/u2f")
 		return
@@ -935,9 +935,9 @@ func linkAccount(ctx *context.Context, u *models.User, gothUser goth.User, remem
 	// If this user is enrolled in 2FA, we can't sign the user in just yet.
 	// Instead, redirect them to the 2FA authentication page.
 	// We deliberately ignore the skip local 2fa setting here because we are linking to a previous user here
-	_, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+	_, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserLinkAccount", err)
 			return
 		}
@@ -967,7 +967,7 @@ func linkAccount(ctx *context.Context, u *models.User, gothUser goth.User, remem
 	}
 
 	// If U2F is enrolled -> Redirect to U2F instead
-	regs, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(u.ID)
+	regs, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(u.ID)
 	if err == nil && len(regs) > 0 {
 		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/u2f")
 		return
@@ -1561,7 +1561,7 @@ func ForgotPasswdPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.HTML(http.StatusOK, tplForgotPassword)
 }
 
-func commonResetPassword(ctx *context.Context) (*models.User, *models.TwoFactor) {
+func commonResetPassword(ctx *context.Context) (*models.User, *login.TwoFactor) {
 	code := ctx.FormString("code")
 
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("auth.reset_password")
@@ -1583,9 +1583,9 @@ func commonResetPassword(ctx *context.Context) (*models.User, *models.TwoFactor)
 		return nil, nil
 	}
 
-	twofa, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
+	twofa, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(u.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.Error(http.StatusInternalServerError, "CommonResetPassword", err.Error())
 			return nil, nil
 		}
@@ -1680,7 +1680,7 @@ func ResetPasswdPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 			}
 
 			twofa.LastUsedPasscode = passcode
-			if err = models.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
+			if err = login.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
 				ctx.ServerError("ResetPasswdPost: UpdateTwoFactor", err)
 				return
 			}
@@ -1712,7 +1712,7 @@ func ResetPasswdPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 			return
 		}
-		if err = models.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
+		if err = login.UpdateTwoFactor(twofa); err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("UserSignIn", err)
 			return
 		}
diff --git a/routers/web/user/setting/security.go b/routers/web/user/setting/security.go
index d4abe84d96..53f672282d 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/setting/security.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/setting/security.go
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ func DeleteAccountLink(ctx *context.Context) {
 
 func loadSecurityData(ctx *context.Context) {
 	enrolled := true
-	_, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+	_, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			enrolled = false
 		} else {
 			ctx.ServerError("SettingsTwoFactor", err)
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ func loadSecurityData(ctx *context.Context) {
 	}
 	ctx.Data["TwofaEnrolled"] = enrolled
 	if enrolled {
-		ctx.Data["U2FRegistrations"], err = models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+		ctx.Data["U2FRegistrations"], err = login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 		if err != nil {
 			ctx.ServerError("GetU2FRegistrationsByUID", err)
 			return
diff --git a/routers/web/user/setting/security_twofa.go b/routers/web/user/setting/security_twofa.go
index 7b08a05939..5b1cbab17f 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/setting/security_twofa.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/setting/security_twofa.go
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"net/http"
 	"strings"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -29,9 +29,9 @@ func RegenerateScratchTwoFactor(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("settings")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsSettingsSecurity"] = true
 
-	t, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+	t, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("setting.twofa_not_enrolled"))
 			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/settings/security")
 		}
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func RegenerateScratchTwoFactor(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err = models.UpdateTwoFactor(t); err != nil {
+	if err = login.UpdateTwoFactor(t); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("SettingsTwoFactor: Failed to UpdateTwoFactor", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ func DisableTwoFactor(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("settings")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsSettingsSecurity"] = true
 
-	t, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+	t, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+		if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("setting.twofa_not_enrolled"))
 			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/settings/security")
 		}
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ func DisableTwoFactor(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	if err = models.DeleteTwoFactorByID(t.ID, ctx.User.ID); err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+	if err = login.DeleteTwoFactorByID(t.ID, ctx.User.ID); err != nil {
+		if login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 			// There is a potential DB race here - we must have been disabled by another request in the intervening period
 			ctx.Flash.Success(ctx.Tr("settings.twofa_disabled"))
 			ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/settings/security")
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ func EnrollTwoFactor(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("settings")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsSettingsSecurity"] = true
 
-	t, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+	t, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 	if t != nil {
 		// already enrolled - we should redirect back!
 		log.Warn("Trying to re-enroll %-v in twofa when already enrolled", ctx.User)
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ func EnrollTwoFactor(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/settings/security")
 		return
 	}
-	if err != nil && !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+	if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 		ctx.ServerError("SettingsTwoFactor: GetTwoFactorByUID", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -172,14 +172,14 @@ func EnrollTwoFactorPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 	ctx.Data["Title"] = ctx.Tr("settings")
 	ctx.Data["PageIsSettingsSecurity"] = true
 
-	t, err := models.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+	t, err := login.GetTwoFactorByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 	if t != nil {
 		// already enrolled
 		ctx.Flash.Error(ctx.Tr("setting.twofa_is_enrolled"))
 		ctx.Redirect(setting.AppSubURL + "/user/settings/security")
 		return
 	}
-	if err != nil && !models.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
+	if err != nil && !login.IsErrTwoFactorNotEnrolled(err) {
 		ctx.ServerError("SettingsTwoFactor: Failed to check if already enrolled with GetTwoFactorByUID", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ func EnrollTwoFactorPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		return
 	}
 
-	t = &models.TwoFactor{
+	t = &login.TwoFactor{
 		UID: ctx.User.ID,
 	}
 	err = t.SetSecret(secret)
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ func EnrollTwoFactorPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		log.Error("Unable to save changes to the session: %v", err)
 	}
 
-	if err = models.NewTwoFactor(t); err != nil {
+	if err = login.NewTwoFactor(t); err != nil {
 		// FIXME: We need to handle a unique constraint fail here it's entirely possible that another request has beaten us.
 		// If there is a unique constraint fail we should just tolerate the error
 		ctx.ServerError("SettingsTwoFactor: Failed to save two factor", err)
diff --git a/routers/web/user/setting/security_u2f.go b/routers/web/user/setting/security_u2f.go
index f9e35549fb..d1d6d1e8ca 100644
--- a/routers/web/user/setting/security_u2f.go
+++ b/routers/web/user/setting/security_u2f.go
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ import (
 	"errors"
 	"net/http"
 
-	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models"
+	"code.gitea.io/gitea/models/login"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/context"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/log"
 	"code.gitea.io/gitea/modules/setting"
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ func U2FRegister(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.ServerError("Unable to set session key for u2fChallenge", err)
 		return
 	}
-	regs, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(ctx.User.ID)
+	regs, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationsByUID(ctx.User.ID)
 	if err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("GetU2FRegistrationsByUID", err)
 		return
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ func U2FRegisterPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.ServerError("u2f.Register", err)
 		return
 	}
-	if _, err = models.CreateRegistration(ctx.User, name, reg); err != nil {
+	if _, err = login.CreateRegistration(ctx.User.ID, name, reg); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("u2f.Register", err)
 		return
 	}
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@ func U2FRegisterPost(ctx *context.Context) {
 // U2FDelete deletes an security key by id
 func U2FDelete(ctx *context.Context) {
 	form := web.GetForm(ctx).(*forms.U2FDeleteForm)
-	reg, err := models.GetU2FRegistrationByID(form.ID)
+	reg, err := login.GetU2FRegistrationByID(form.ID)
 	if err != nil {
-		if models.IsErrU2FRegistrationNotExist(err) {
+		if login.IsErrU2FRegistrationNotExist(err) {
 			ctx.Status(200)
 			return
 		}
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ func U2FDelete(ctx *context.Context) {
 		ctx.Status(401)
 		return
 	}
-	if err := models.DeleteRegistration(reg); err != nil {
+	if err := login.DeleteRegistration(reg); err != nil {
 		ctx.ServerError("DeleteRegistration", err)
 		return
 	}