Merge pull request #2699 from caddyserver/cfadapter

v2: Implement config adapters and WIP Caddyfile adapter

admin.go

@@ -95,10 +95,12 @@ func StartAdmin(initialConfigJSON []byte) error {
 	mux.HandleFunc("/debug/pprof/trace", pprof.Trace)
 	///// END PPROF STUFF //////
 
-	for _, m := range GetModules("admin") {
-		route := m.New().(AdminRoute)
+	for _, m := range GetModules("admin.routers") {
+		adminrtr := m.New().(AdminRouter)
+		for _, route := range adminrtr.Routes() {
 			mux.Handle(route.Pattern, route)
 		}
+	}
 
 	handler := cors.Default().Handler(mux)
 
@@ -144,6 +146,11 @@ func StopAdmin() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// AdminRouter is a type which can return routes for the admin API.
+type AdminRouter interface {
+	Routes() []AdminRoute
+}
+
 // AdminRoute represents a route for the admin endpoint.
 type AdminRoute struct {
 	http.Handler

caddyconfig/caddyfile/adapter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
+)
+
+// Adapter adapts Caddyfile to Caddy JSON.
+type Adapter struct {
+	ServerType ServerType
+}
+
+// Adapt converts the Caddyfile config in body to Caddy JSON.
+func (a Adapter) Adapt(body []byte, options map[string]string) ([]byte, []caddyconfig.Warning, error) {
+	if a.ServerType == nil {
+		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("no server type")
+	}
+	if options == nil {
+		options = make(map[string]string)
+	}
+
+	filename := options["filename"]
+	if filename == "" {
+		filename = "Caddyfile"
+	}
+
+	serverBlocks, err := Parse(filename, bytes.NewReader(body))
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, nil, err
+	}
+
+	cfg, warnings, err := a.ServerType.Setup(serverBlocks, options)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, warnings, err
+	}
+
+	marshalFunc := json.Marshal
+	if options["pretty"] == "true" {
+		marshalFunc = caddyconfig.JSONIndent
+	}
+	result, err := marshalFunc(cfg)
+
+	return result, warnings, err
+}
+
+// Unmarshaler is a type that can unmarshal
+// Caddyfile tokens to set itself up for a
+// JSON encoding. The goal of an unmarshaler
+// is not to set itself up for actual use,
+// but to set itself up for being marshaled
+// into JSON. Caddyfile-unmarshaled values
+// will not be used directly; they will be
+// encoded as JSON and then used from that.
+type Unmarshaler interface {
+	UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *Dispenser) error
+}
+
+// ServerType is a type that can evaluate a Caddyfile and set up a caddy config.
+type ServerType interface {
+	// Setup takes the server blocks which
+	// contain tokens, as well as options
+	// (e.g. CLI flags) and creates a Caddy
+	// config, along with any warnings or
+	// an error.
+	Setup([]ServerBlock, map[string]string) (*caddy.Config, []caddyconfig.Warning, error)
+}
+
+// Interface guard
+var _ caddyconfig.Adapter = (*Adapter)(nil)

caddyconfig/caddyfile/dispenser.go

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Dispenser is a type that dispenses tokens, similarly to a lexer,
+// except that it can do so with some notion of structure. An empty
+// Dispenser is invalid; call NewDispenser to make a proper instance.
+type Dispenser struct {
+	filename string
+	tokens   []Token
+	cursor   int
+	nesting  int
+}
+
+// NewDispenser returns a Dispenser filled with the given tokens.
+// TODO: Get rid of the filename argument; it seems pointless here
+func NewDispenser(filename string, tokens []Token) *Dispenser {
+	return &Dispenser{
+		filename: filename,
+		tokens:   tokens,
+		cursor:   -1,
+	}
+}
+
+// Next loads the next token. Returns true if a token
+// was loaded; false otherwise. If false, all tokens
+// have been consumed.
+func (d *Dispenser) Next() bool {
+	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// Prev moves to the previous token. It does the inverse
+// of Next(), except this function may decrement the cursor
+// to -1 so that the next call to Next() points to the
+// first token; this allows dispensing to "start over". This
+// method returns true if the cursor ends up pointing to a
+// valid token.
+func (d *Dispenser) Prev() bool {
+	if d.cursor > -1 {
+		d.cursor--
+		return d.cursor > -1
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NextArg loads the next token if it is on the same
+// line and if it is not a block opening (open curly
+// brace). Returns true if an argument token was
+// loaded; false otherwise. If false, all tokens on
+// the line have been consumed except for potentially
+// a block opening. It handles imported tokens
+// correctly.
+func (d *Dispenser) NextArg() bool {
+	if !d.nextOnSameLine() {
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.Val() == "{" {
+		// roll back; a block opening is not an argument
+		d.cursor--
+		return false
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// nextOnSameLine advances the cursor if the next
+// token is on the same line of the same file.
+func (d *Dispenser) nextOnSameLine() bool {
+	if d.cursor < 0 {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 &&
+		d.tokens[d.cursor].File == d.tokens[d.cursor+1].File &&
+		d.tokens[d.cursor].Line+d.numLineBreaks(d.cursor) == d.tokens[d.cursor+1].Line {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NextLine loads the next token only if it is not on the same
+// line as the current token, and returns true if a token was
+// loaded; false otherwise. If false, there is not another token
+// or it is on the same line. It handles imported tokens correctly.
+func (d *Dispenser) NextLine() bool {
+	if d.cursor < 0 {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 &&
+		(d.tokens[d.cursor].File != d.tokens[d.cursor+1].File ||
+			d.tokens[d.cursor].Line+d.numLineBreaks(d.cursor) < d.tokens[d.cursor+1].Line) {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NextBlock can be used as the condition of a for loop
+// to load the next token as long as it opens a block or
+// is already in a block. It returns true if a token was
+// loaded, or false when the block's closing curly brace
+// was loaded and thus the block ended. Nested blocks are
+// not supported.
+func (d *Dispenser) NextBlock() bool {
+	if d.nesting > 0 {
+		d.Next()
+		if d.Val() == "}" {
+			d.nesting--
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	if !d.nextOnSameLine() { // block must open on same line
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.Val() != "{" {
+		d.cursor-- // roll back if not opening brace
+		return false
+	}
+	d.Next()
+	if d.Val() == "}" {
+		// open and then closed right away
+		return false
+	}
+	d.nesting++
+	return true
+}
+
+// Nested returns true if the token is currently nested
+// inside a block (i.e. an open curly brace was consumed).
+func (d *Dispenser) Nested() bool {
+	return d.nesting > 0
+}
+
+// Val gets the text of the current token. If there is no token
+// loaded, it returns empty string.
+func (d *Dispenser) Val() string {
+	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Text
+}
+
+// Line gets the line number of the current token. If there is no token
+// loaded, it returns 0.
+func (d *Dispenser) Line() int {
+	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Line
+}
+
+// File gets the filename of the current token. If there is no token loaded,
+// it returns the filename originally given when parsing started.
+func (d *Dispenser) File() string {
+	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return d.filename
+	}
+	if tokenFilename := d.tokens[d.cursor].File; tokenFilename != "" {
+		return tokenFilename
+	}
+	return d.filename
+}
+
+// Args is a convenience function that loads the next arguments
+// (tokens on the same line) into an arbitrary number of strings
+// pointed to in targets. If there are fewer tokens available
+// than string pointers, the remaining strings will not be changed
+// and false will be returned. If there were enough tokens available
+// to fill the arguments, then true will be returned.
+func (d *Dispenser) Args(targets ...*string) bool {
+	for i := 0; i < len(targets); i++ {
+		if !d.NextArg() {
+			return false
+		}
+		*targets[i] = d.Val()
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// RemainingArgs loads any more arguments (tokens on the same line)
+// into a slice and returns them. Open curly brace tokens also indicate
+// the end of arguments, and the curly brace is not included in
+// the return value nor is it loaded.
+func (d *Dispenser) RemainingArgs() []string {
+	var args []string
+	for d.NextArg() {
+		args = append(args, d.Val())
+	}
+	return args
+}
+
+// NewFromNextTokens returns a new dispenser with a copy of
+// the tokens from the current token until the end of the
+// "directive" whether that be to the end of the line or
+// the end of a block that starts at the end of the line.
+func (d *Dispenser) NewFromNextTokens() *Dispenser {
+	tkns := []Token{d.Token()}
+	for d.NextArg() {
+		tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
+	}
+	if d.Next() && d.Val() == "{" {
+		tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
+		for d.NextBlock() {
+			for d.Nested() {
+				tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
+				d.NextBlock()
+			}
+		}
+		tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
+	} else {
+		d.cursor--
+	}
+	return NewDispenser(d.filename, tkns)
+}
+
+// Token returns the current token.
+func (d *Dispenser) Token() Token {
+	return d.TokenAt(d.cursor)
+}
+
+func (d *Dispenser) TokenAt(cursor int) Token {
+	if cursor < 0 || cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return Token{}
+	}
+	return d.tokens[cursor]
+}
+
+// Cursor returns the current cursor (token index).
+func (d *Dispenser) Cursor() int {
+	return d.cursor
+}
+
+func (d *Dispenser) Reset() {
+	d.cursor = -1
+}
+
+// ArgErr returns an argument error, meaning that another
+// argument was expected but not found. In other words,
+// a line break or open curly brace was encountered instead of
+// an argument.
+func (d *Dispenser) ArgErr() error {
+	if d.Val() == "{" {
+		return d.Err("Unexpected token '{', expecting argument")
+	}
+	return d.Errf("Wrong argument count or unexpected line ending after '%s'", d.Val())
+}
+
+// SyntaxErr creates a generic syntax error which explains what was
+// found and what was expected.
+func (d *Dispenser) SyntaxErr(expected string) error {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d - Syntax error: Unexpected token '%s', expecting '%s'", d.File(), d.Line(), d.Val(), expected)
+	return errors.New(msg)
+}
+
+// EOFErr returns an error indicating that the dispenser reached
+// the end of the input when searching for the next token.
+func (d *Dispenser) EOFErr() error {
+	return d.Errf("Unexpected EOF")
+}
+
+// Err generates a custom parse-time error with a message of msg.
+func (d *Dispenser) Err(msg string) error {
+	msg = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d - Error during parsing: %s", d.File(), d.Line(), msg)
+	return errors.New(msg)
+}
+
+// Errf is like Err, but for formatted error messages
+func (d *Dispenser) Errf(format string, args ...interface{}) error {
+	return d.Err(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...))
+}
+
+// Delete deletes the current token and returns the updated slice
+// of tokens. The cursor is not advanced to the next token.
+// Because deletion modifies the underlying slice, this method
+// should only be called if you have access to the original slice
+// of tokens and/or are using the slice of tokens outside this
+// Dispenser instance. If you do not re-assign the slice with the
+// return value of this method, inconsistencies in the token
+// array will become apparent (or worse, hide from you like they
+// did me for 3 and a half freaking hours late one night).
+func (d *Dispenser) Delete() []Token {
+	if d.cursor >= 0 && d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 {
+		d.tokens = append(d.tokens[:d.cursor], d.tokens[d.cursor+1:]...)
+		d.cursor--
+	}
+	return d.tokens
+}
+
+// numLineBreaks counts how many line breaks are in the token
+// value given by the token index tknIdx. It returns 0 if the
+// token does not exist or there are no line breaks.
+func (d *Dispenser) numLineBreaks(tknIdx int) int {
+	if tknIdx < 0 || tknIdx >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return strings.Count(d.tokens[tknIdx].Text, "\n")
+}
+
+// isNewLine determines whether the current token is on a different
+// line (higher line number) than the previous token. It handles imported
+// tokens correctly. If there isn't a previous token, it returns true.
+func (d *Dispenser) isNewLine() bool {
+	if d.cursor < 1 {
+		return true
+	}
+	if d.cursor > len(d.tokens)-1 {
+		return false
+	}
+	return d.tokens[d.cursor-1].File != d.tokens[d.cursor].File ||
+		d.tokens[d.cursor-1].Line+d.numLineBreaks(d.cursor-1) < d.tokens[d.cursor].Line
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/dispenser_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"reflect"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestDispenser_Val_Next(t *testing.T) {
+	input := `host:port
+			  dir1 arg1
+			  dir2 arg2 arg3
+			  dir3`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	if val := d.Val(); val != "" {
+		t.Fatalf("Val(): Should return empty string when no token loaded; got '%s'", val)
+	}
+
+	assertNext := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedCursor int, expectedVal string) {
+		if loaded := d.Next(); loaded != shouldLoad {
+			t.Errorf("Next(): Expected %v but got %v instead (val '%s')", shouldLoad, loaded, d.Val())
+		}
+		if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
+			t.Errorf("Expected cursor to be %d, but was %d", expectedCursor, d.cursor)
+		}
+		if d.nesting != 0 {
+			t.Errorf("Nesting should be 0, was %d instead", d.nesting)
+		}
+		if val := d.Val(); val != expectedVal {
+			t.Errorf("Val(): Expected '%s' but got '%s'", expectedVal, val)
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertNext(true, 0, "host:port")
+	assertNext(true, 1, "dir1")
+	assertNext(true, 2, "arg1")
+	assertNext(true, 3, "dir2")
+	assertNext(true, 4, "arg2")
+	assertNext(true, 5, "arg3")
+	assertNext(true, 6, "dir3")
+	// Note: This next test simply asserts existing behavior.
+	// If desired, we may wish to empty the token value after
+	// reading past the EOF. Open an issue if you want this change.
+	assertNext(false, 6, "dir3")
+}
+
+func TestDispenser_NextArg(t *testing.T) {
+	input := `dir1 arg1
+			  dir2 arg2 arg3
+			  dir3`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	assertNext := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedVal string, expectedCursor int) {
+		if d.Next() != shouldLoad {
+			t.Errorf("Next(): Should load token but got false instead (val: '%s')", d.Val())
+		}
+		if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
+			t.Errorf("Next(): Expected cursor to be at %d, but it was %d", expectedCursor, d.cursor)
+		}
+		if val := d.Val(); val != expectedVal {
+			t.Errorf("Val(): Expected '%s' but got '%s'", expectedVal, val)
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertNextArg := func(expectedVal string, loadAnother bool, expectedCursor int) {
+		if !d.NextArg() {
+			t.Error("NextArg(): Should load next argument but got false instead")
+		}
+		if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
+			t.Errorf("NextArg(): Expected cursor to be at %d, but it was %d", expectedCursor, d.cursor)
+		}
+		if val := d.Val(); val != expectedVal {
+			t.Errorf("Val(): Expected '%s' but got '%s'", expectedVal, val)
+		}
+		if !loadAnother {
+			if d.NextArg() {
+				t.Fatalf("NextArg(): Should NOT load another argument, but got true instead (val: '%s')", d.Val())
+			}
+			if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
+				t.Errorf("NextArg(): Expected cursor to remain at %d, but it was %d", expectedCursor, d.cursor)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertNext(true, "dir1", 0)
+	assertNextArg("arg1", false, 1)
+	assertNext(true, "dir2", 2)
+	assertNextArg("arg2", true, 3)
+	assertNextArg("arg3", false, 4)
+	assertNext(true, "dir3", 5)
+	assertNext(false, "dir3", 5)
+}
+
+func TestDispenser_NextLine(t *testing.T) {
+	input := `host:port
+			  dir1 arg1
+			  dir2 arg2 arg3`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	assertNextLine := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedVal string, expectedCursor int) {
+		if d.NextLine() != shouldLoad {
+			t.Errorf("NextLine(): Should load token but got false instead (val: '%s')", d.Val())
+		}
+		if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
+			t.Errorf("NextLine(): Expected cursor to be %d, instead was %d", expectedCursor, d.cursor)
+		}
+		if val := d.Val(); val != expectedVal {
+			t.Errorf("Val(): Expected '%s' but got '%s'", expectedVal, val)
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertNextLine(true, "host:port", 0)
+	assertNextLine(true, "dir1", 1)
+	assertNextLine(false, "dir1", 1)
+	d.Next() // arg1
+	assertNextLine(true, "dir2", 3)
+	assertNextLine(false, "dir2", 3)
+	d.Next() // arg2
+	assertNextLine(false, "arg2", 4)
+	d.Next() // arg3
+	assertNextLine(false, "arg3", 5)
+}
+
+func TestDispenser_NextBlock(t *testing.T) {
+	input := `foobar1 {
+			  	sub1 arg1
+			  	sub2
+			  }
+			  foobar2 {
+			  }`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	assertNextBlock := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedCursor, expectedNesting int) {
+		if loaded := d.NextBlock(); loaded != shouldLoad {
+			t.Errorf("NextBlock(): Should return %v but got %v", shouldLoad, loaded)
+		}
+		if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
+			t.Errorf("NextBlock(): Expected cursor to be %d, was %d", expectedCursor, d.cursor)
+		}
+		if d.nesting != expectedNesting {
+			t.Errorf("NextBlock(): Nesting should be %d, not %d", expectedNesting, d.nesting)
+		}
+	}
+
+	assertNextBlock(false, -1, 0)
+	d.Next() // foobar1
+	assertNextBlock(true, 2, 1)
+	assertNextBlock(true, 3, 1)
+	assertNextBlock(true, 4, 1)
+	assertNextBlock(false, 5, 0)
+	d.Next()                     // foobar2
+	assertNextBlock(false, 8, 0) // empty block is as if it didn't exist
+}
+
+func TestDispenser_Args(t *testing.T) {
+	var s1, s2, s3 string
+	input := `dir1 arg1 arg2 arg3
+			  dir2 arg4 arg5
+			  dir3 arg6 arg7
+			  dir4`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	d.Next() // dir1
+
+	// As many strings as arguments
+	if all := d.Args(&s1, &s2, &s3); !all {
+		t.Error("Args(): Expected true, got false")
+	}
+	if s1 != "arg1" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s1 to be 'arg1', got '%s'", s1)
+	}
+	if s2 != "arg2" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s2 to be 'arg2', got '%s'", s2)
+	}
+	if s3 != "arg3" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s3 to be 'arg3', got '%s'", s3)
+	}
+
+	d.Next() // dir2
+
+	// More strings than arguments
+	if all := d.Args(&s1, &s2, &s3); all {
+		t.Error("Args(): Expected false, got true")
+	}
+	if s1 != "arg4" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s1 to be 'arg4', got '%s'", s1)
+	}
+	if s2 != "arg5" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s2 to be 'arg5', got '%s'", s2)
+	}
+	if s3 != "arg3" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s3 to be unchanged ('arg3'), instead got '%s'", s3)
+	}
+
+	// (quick cursor check just for kicks and giggles)
+	if d.cursor != 6 {
+		t.Errorf("Cursor should be 6, but is %d", d.cursor)
+	}
+
+	d.Next() // dir3
+
+	// More arguments than strings
+	if all := d.Args(&s1); !all {
+		t.Error("Args(): Expected true, got false")
+	}
+	if s1 != "arg6" {
+		t.Errorf("Args(): Expected s1 to be 'arg6', got '%s'", s1)
+	}
+
+	d.Next() // dir4
+
+	// No arguments or strings
+	if all := d.Args(); !all {
+		t.Error("Args(): Expected true, got false")
+	}
+
+	// No arguments but at least one string
+	if all := d.Args(&s1); all {
+		t.Error("Args(): Expected false, got true")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDispenser_RemainingArgs(t *testing.T) {
+	input := `dir1 arg1 arg2 arg3
+			  dir2 arg4 arg5
+			  dir3 arg6 { arg7
+			  dir4`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	d.Next() // dir1
+
+	args := d.RemainingArgs()
+	if expected := []string{"arg1", "arg2", "arg3"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(args, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("RemainingArgs(): Expected %v, got %v", expected, args)
+	}
+
+	d.Next() // dir2
+
+	args = d.RemainingArgs()
+	if expected := []string{"arg4", "arg5"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(args, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("RemainingArgs(): Expected %v, got %v", expected, args)
+	}
+
+	d.Next() // dir3
+
+	args = d.RemainingArgs()
+	if expected := []string{"arg6"}; !reflect.DeepEqual(args, expected) {
+		t.Errorf("RemainingArgs(): Expected %v, got %v", expected, args)
+	}
+
+	d.Next() // {
+	d.Next() // arg7
+	d.Next() // dir4
+
+	args = d.RemainingArgs()
+	if len(args) != 0 {
+		t.Errorf("RemainingArgs(): Expected %v, got %v", []string{}, args)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDispenser_ArgErr_Err(t *testing.T) {
+	input := `dir1 {
+			  }
+			  dir2 arg1 arg2`
+	d := newTestDispenser(input)
+
+	d.cursor = 1 // {
+
+	if err := d.ArgErr(); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "{") {
+		t.Errorf("ArgErr(): Expected an error message with { in it, but got '%v'", err)
+	}
+
+	d.cursor = 5 // arg2
+
+	if err := d.ArgErr(); err == nil || !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "arg2") {
+		t.Errorf("ArgErr(): Expected an error message with 'arg2' in it; got '%v'", err)
+	}
+
+	err := d.Err("foobar")
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Err(): Expected an error, got nil")
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "Testfile:3") {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error message with filename:line in it; got '%v'", err)
+	}
+
+	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "foobar") {
+		t.Errorf("Expected error message with custom message in it ('foobar'); got '%v'", err)
+	}
+}
+
+func newTestDispenser(input string) *Dispenser {
+	tokens, err := allTokens(strings.NewReader(input))
+	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
+		log.Fatalf("getting all tokens from input: %v", err)
+	}
+	return NewDispenser("Testfile", tokens)
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/lexer.go

@@ -0,0 +1,150 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Light Code Labs, LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"io"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+type (
+	// lexer is a utility which can get values, token by
+	// token, from a Reader. A token is a word, and tokens
+	// are separated by whitespace. A word can be enclosed
+	// in quotes if it contains whitespace.
+	lexer struct {
+		reader *bufio.Reader
+		token  Token
+		line   int
+	}
+
+	// Token represents a single parsable unit.
+	Token struct {
+		File string
+		Line int
+		Text string
+	}
+)
+
+// load prepares the lexer to scan an input for tokens.
+// It discards any leading byte order mark.
+func (l *lexer) load(input io.Reader) error {
+	l.reader = bufio.NewReader(input)
+	l.line = 1
+
+	// discard byte order mark, if present
+	firstCh, _, err := l.reader.ReadRune()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if firstCh != 0xFEFF {
+		err := l.reader.UnreadRune()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// next loads the next token into the lexer.
+// A token is delimited by whitespace, unless
+// the token starts with a quotes character (")
+// in which case the token goes until the closing
+// quotes (the enclosing quotes are not included).
+// Inside quoted strings, quotes may be escaped
+// with a preceding \ character. No other chars
+// may be escaped. The rest of the line is skipped
+// if a "#" character is read in. Returns true if
+// a token was loaded; false otherwise.
+func (l *lexer) next() bool {
+	var val []rune
+	var comment, quoted, escaped bool
+
+	makeToken := func() bool {
+		l.token.Text = string(val)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for {
+		ch, _, err := l.reader.ReadRune()
+		if err != nil {
+			if len(val) > 0 {
+				return makeToken()
+			}
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				return false
+			}
+			panic(err)
+		}
+
+		if quoted {
+			if !escaped {
+				if ch == '\\' {
+					escaped = true
+					continue
+				} else if ch == '"' {
+					quoted = false
+					return makeToken()
+				}
+			}
+			if ch == '\n' {
+				l.line++
+			}
+			if escaped {
+				// only escape quotes and newlines
+				if ch != '"' && ch != '\n' {
+					val = append(val, '\\')
+				}
+			}
+			val = append(val, ch)
+			escaped = false
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if unicode.IsSpace(ch) {
+			if ch == '\r' {
+				continue
+			}
+			if ch == '\n' {
+				l.line++
+				comment = false
+			}
+			if len(val) > 0 {
+				return makeToken()
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if ch == '#' {
+			comment = true
+		}
+
+		if comment {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if len(val) == 0 {
+			l.token = Token{Line: l.line}
+			if ch == '"' {
+				quoted = true
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		val = append(val, ch)
+	}
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/lexer_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,196 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Light Code Labs, LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"log"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type lexerTestCase struct {
+	input    string
+	expected []Token
+}
+
+func TestLexer(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []lexerTestCase{
+		{
+			input: `host:123`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123
+
+					directive`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "directive"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123 {
+						directive
+					}`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "directive"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123 { directive }`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "directive"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123 {
+						#comment
+						directive
+						# comment
+						foobar # another comment
+					}`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "directive"},
+				{Line: 5, Text: "foobar"},
+				{Line: 6, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `a "quoted value" b
+					foobar`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "a"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "quoted value"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "b"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "foobar"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `A "quoted \"value\" inside" B`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: `quoted "value" inside`},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "B"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: "A \"newline \\\ninside\" quotes",
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "newline \ninside"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "quotes"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `"don't\escape"`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `don't\escape`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `"don't\\escape"`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `don't\\escape`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `A "quoted value with line
+					break inside" {
+						foobar
+					}`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "quoted value with line\n\t\t\t\t\tbreak inside"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "foobar"},
+				{Line: 4, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `"C:\php\php-cgi.exe"`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `C:\php\php-cgi.exe`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `empty "" string`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `empty`},
+				{Line: 1, Text: ``},
+				{Line: 1, Text: `string`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: "skip those\r\nCR characters",
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "skip"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "those"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "CR"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "characters"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: "\xEF\xBB\xBF:8080", // test with leading byte order mark
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: ":8080"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, testCase := range testCases {
+		actual := tokenize(testCase.input)
+		lexerCompare(t, i, testCase.expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func tokenize(input string) (tokens []Token) {
+	l := lexer{}
+	if err := l.load(strings.NewReader(input)); err != nil {
+		log.Printf("[ERROR] load failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	for l.next() {
+		tokens = append(tokens, l.token)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func lexerCompare(t *testing.T, n int, expected, actual []Token) {
+	if len(expected) != len(actual) {
+		t.Errorf("Test case %d: expected %d token(s) but got %d", n, len(expected), len(actual))
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(actual) && i < len(expected); i++ {
+		if actual[i].Line != expected[i].Line {
+			t.Errorf("Test case %d token %d ('%s'): expected line %d but was line %d",
+				n, i, expected[i].Text, expected[i].Line, actual[i].Line)
+			break
+		}
+		if actual[i].Text != expected[i].Text {
+			t.Errorf("Test case %d token %d: expected text '%s' but was '%s'",
+				n, i, expected[i].Text, actual[i].Text)
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/parse.go

@@ -0,0 +1,521 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Light Code Labs, LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Parse parses the input just enough to group tokens, in
+// order, by server block. No further parsing is performed.
+// Server blocks are returned in the order in which they appear.
+// Directives that do not appear in validDirectives will cause
+// an error. If you do not want to check for valid directives,
+// pass in nil instead.
+func Parse(filename string, input io.Reader) ([]ServerBlock, error) {
+	tokens, err := allTokens(input)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	p := parser{Dispenser: NewDispenser(filename, tokens)}
+	return p.parseAll()
+}
+
+// allTokens lexes the entire input, but does not parse it.
+// It returns all the tokens from the input, unstructured
+// and in order.
+func allTokens(input io.Reader) ([]Token, error) {
+	l := new(lexer)
+	err := l.load(input)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var tokens []Token
+	for l.next() {
+		tokens = append(tokens, l.token)
+	}
+	return tokens, nil
+}
+
+type parser struct {
+	*Dispenser
+	block           ServerBlock // current server block being parsed
+	eof             bool        // if we encounter a valid EOF in a hard place
+	definedSnippets map[string][]Token
+	nesting         int
+}
+
+func (p *parser) parseAll() ([]ServerBlock, error) {
+	var blocks []ServerBlock
+
+	for p.Next() {
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		if err != nil {
+			return blocks, err
+		}
+		if len(p.block.Keys) > 0 {
+			blocks = append(blocks, p.block)
+		}
+		if p.nesting > 0 {
+			return blocks, p.EOFErr()
+		}
+	}
+
+	return blocks, nil
+}
+
+func (p *parser) parseOne() error {
+	p.block = ServerBlock{}
+	return p.begin()
+}
+
+func (p *parser) begin() error {
+	if len(p.tokens) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := p.addresses()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if p.eof {
+		// this happens if the Caddyfile consists of only
+		// a line of addresses and nothing else
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	if ok, name := p.isSnippet(); ok {
+		if p.definedSnippets == nil {
+			p.definedSnippets = map[string][]Token{}
+		}
+		if _, found := p.definedSnippets[name]; found {
+			return p.Errf("redeclaration of previously declared snippet %s", name)
+		}
+		// consume all tokens til matched close brace
+		tokens, err := p.snippetTokens()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		p.definedSnippets[name] = tokens
+		// empty block keys so we don't save this block as a real server.
+		p.block.Keys = nil
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return p.blockContents()
+}
+
+func (p *parser) addresses() error {
+	var expectingAnother bool
+
+	for {
+		tkn := replaceEnvVars(p.Val())
+
+		// special case: import directive replaces tokens during parse-time
+		if tkn == "import" && p.isNewLine() {
+			err := p.doImport()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Open brace definitely indicates end of addresses
+		if tkn == "{" {
+			if expectingAnother {
+				return p.Errf("Expected another address but had '%s' - check for extra comma", tkn)
+			}
+			break
+		}
+
+		if tkn != "" { // empty token possible if user typed ""
+			// Trailing comma indicates another address will follow, which
+			// may possibly be on the next line
+			if tkn[len(tkn)-1] == ',' {
+				tkn = tkn[:len(tkn)-1]
+				expectingAnother = true
+			} else {
+				expectingAnother = false // but we may still see another one on this line
+			}
+
+			p.block.Keys = append(p.block.Keys, tkn)
+		}
+
+		// Advance token and possibly break out of loop or return error
+		hasNext := p.Next()
+		if expectingAnother && !hasNext {
+			return p.EOFErr()
+		}
+		if !hasNext {
+			p.eof = true
+			break // EOF
+		}
+		if !expectingAnother && p.isNewLine() {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *parser) blockContents() error {
+	errOpenCurlyBrace := p.openCurlyBrace()
+	if errOpenCurlyBrace != nil {
+		// single-server configs don't need curly braces
+		p.cursor--
+	}
+
+	err := p.directives()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// only look for close curly brace if there was an opening
+	if errOpenCurlyBrace == nil {
+		err = p.closeCurlyBrace()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// directives parses through all the lines for directives
+// and it expects the next token to be the first
+// directive. It goes until EOF or closing curly brace
+// which ends the server block.
+func (p *parser) directives() error {
+	for p.Next() {
+		// end of server block
+		if p.Val() == "}" {
+			// p.nesting has already been decremented
+			break
+		}
+
+		// special case: import directive replaces tokens during parse-time
+		if p.Val() == "import" {
+			err := p.doImport()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			p.cursor-- // cursor is advanced when we continue, so roll back one more
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// normal case: parse a directive as a new segment
+		// (a "segment" is a line which starts with a directive
+		// and which ends at the end of the line or at the end of
+		// the block that is opened at the end of the line)
+		if err := p.directive(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// doImport swaps out the import directive and its argument
+// (a total of 2 tokens) with the tokens in the specified file
+// or globbing pattern. When the function returns, the cursor
+// is on the token before where the import directive was. In
+// other words, call Next() to access the first token that was
+// imported.
+func (p *parser) doImport() error {
+	// syntax checks
+	if !p.NextArg() {
+		return p.ArgErr()
+	}
+	importPattern := replaceEnvVars(p.Val())
+	if importPattern == "" {
+		return p.Err("Import requires a non-empty filepath")
+	}
+	if p.NextArg() {
+		return p.Err("Import takes only one argument (glob pattern or file)")
+	}
+	// splice out the import directive and its argument (2 tokens total)
+	tokensBefore := p.tokens[:p.cursor-1]
+	tokensAfter := p.tokens[p.cursor+1:]
+	var importedTokens []Token
+
+	// first check snippets. That is a simple, non-recursive replacement
+	if p.definedSnippets != nil && p.definedSnippets[importPattern] != nil {
+		importedTokens = p.definedSnippets[importPattern]
+	} else {
+		// make path relative to the file of the _token_ being processed rather
+		// than current working directory (issue #867) and then use glob to get
+		// list of matching filenames
+		absFile, err := filepath.Abs(p.Dispenser.File())
+		if err != nil {
+			return p.Errf("Failed to get absolute path of file: %s: %v", p.Dispenser.filename, err)
+		}
+
+		var matches []string
+		var globPattern string
+		if !filepath.IsAbs(importPattern) {
+			globPattern = filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(absFile), importPattern)
+		} else {
+			globPattern = importPattern
+		}
+		if strings.Count(globPattern, "*") > 1 || strings.Count(globPattern, "?") > 1 ||
+			(strings.Contains(globPattern, "[") && strings.Contains(globPattern, "]")) {
+			// See issue #2096 - a pattern with many glob expansions can hang for too long
+			return p.Errf("Glob pattern may only contain one wildcard (*), but has others: %s", globPattern)
+		}
+		matches, err = filepath.Glob(globPattern)
+
+		if err != nil {
+			return p.Errf("Failed to use import pattern %s: %v", importPattern, err)
+		}
+		if len(matches) == 0 {
+			if strings.ContainsAny(globPattern, "*?[]") {
+				log.Printf("[WARNING] No files matching import glob pattern: %s", importPattern)
+			} else {
+				return p.Errf("File to import not found: %s", importPattern)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// collect all the imported tokens
+
+		for _, importFile := range matches {
+			newTokens, err := p.doSingleImport(importFile)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			importedTokens = append(importedTokens, newTokens...)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// splice the imported tokens in the place of the import statement
+	// and rewind cursor so Next() will land on first imported token
+	p.tokens = append(tokensBefore, append(importedTokens, tokensAfter...)...)
+	p.cursor--
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// doSingleImport lexes the individual file at importFile and returns
+// its tokens or an error, if any.
+func (p *parser) doSingleImport(importFile string) ([]Token, error) {
+	file, err := os.Open(importFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: %v", importFile, err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	if info, err := file.Stat(); err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: %v", importFile, err)
+	} else if info.IsDir() {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: is a directory", importFile)
+	}
+
+	importedTokens, err := allTokens(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not read tokens while importing %s: %v", importFile, err)
+	}
+
+	// Tack the file path onto these tokens so errors show the imported file's name
+	// (we use full, absolute path to avoid bugs: issue #1892)
+	filename, err := filepath.Abs(importFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Failed to get absolute path of file: %s: %v", p.Dispenser.filename, err)
+	}
+	for i := 0; i < len(importedTokens); i++ {
+		importedTokens[i].File = filename
+	}
+
+	return importedTokens, nil
+}
+
+// directive collects tokens until the directive's scope
+// closes (either end of line or end of curly brace block).
+// It expects the currently-loaded token to be a directive
+// (or } that ends a server block). The collected tokens
+// are loaded into the current server block for later use
+// by directive setup functions.
+func (p *parser) directive() error {
+	// evaluate any env vars in directive token
+	p.tokens[p.cursor].Text = replaceEnvVars(p.tokens[p.cursor].Text)
+
+	// a segment is a list of tokens associated with this directive
+	var segment Segment
+
+	// the directive itself is appended as a relevant token
+	segment = append(segment, p.Token())
+
+	for p.Next() {
+		if p.Val() == "{" {
+			p.nesting++
+		} else if p.isNewLine() && p.nesting == 0 {
+			p.cursor-- // read too far
+			break
+		} else if p.Val() == "}" && p.nesting > 0 {
+			p.nesting--
+		} else if p.Val() == "}" && p.nesting == 0 {
+			return p.Err("Unexpected '}' because no matching opening brace")
+		} else if p.Val() == "import" && p.isNewLine() {
+			if err := p.doImport(); err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			p.cursor-- // cursor is advanced when we continue, so roll back one more
+			continue
+		}
+		p.tokens[p.cursor].Text = replaceEnvVars(p.tokens[p.cursor].Text)
+		segment = append(segment, p.Token())
+	}
+
+	p.block.Segments = append(p.block.Segments, segment)
+
+	if p.nesting > 0 {
+		return p.EOFErr()
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// openCurlyBrace expects the current token to be an
+// opening curly brace. This acts like an assertion
+// because it returns an error if the token is not
+// a opening curly brace. It does NOT advance the token.
+func (p *parser) openCurlyBrace() error {
+	if p.Val() != "{" {
+		return p.SyntaxErr("{")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// closeCurlyBrace expects the current token to be
+// a closing curly brace. This acts like an assertion
+// because it returns an error if the token is not
+// a closing curly brace. It does NOT advance the token.
+func (p *parser) closeCurlyBrace() error {
+	if p.Val() != "}" {
+		return p.SyntaxErr("}")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// replaceEnvVars replaces environment variables that appear in the token
+// and understands both the $UNIX and %WINDOWS% syntaxes.
+func replaceEnvVars(s string) string {
+	s = replaceEnvReferences(s, "{%", "%}")
+	s = replaceEnvReferences(s, "{$", "}")
+	return s
+}
+
+// replaceEnvReferences performs the actual replacement of env variables
+// in s, given the placeholder start and placeholder end strings.
+func replaceEnvReferences(s, refStart, refEnd string) string {
+	index := strings.Index(s, refStart)
+	for index != -1 {
+		endIndex := strings.Index(s[index:], refEnd)
+		if endIndex == -1 {
+			break
+		}
+
+		endIndex += index
+		if endIndex > index+len(refStart) {
+			ref := s[index : endIndex+len(refEnd)]
+			s = strings.Replace(s, ref, os.Getenv(ref[len(refStart):len(ref)-len(refEnd)]), -1)
+		} else {
+			return s
+		}
+		index = strings.Index(s, refStart)
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+func (p *parser) isSnippet() (bool, string) {
+	keys := p.block.Keys
+	// A snippet block is a single key with parens. Nothing else qualifies.
+	if len(keys) == 1 && strings.HasPrefix(keys[0], "(") && strings.HasSuffix(keys[0], ")") {
+		return true, strings.TrimSuffix(keys[0][1:], ")")
+	}
+	return false, ""
+}
+
+// read and store everything in a block for later replay.
+func (p *parser) snippetTokens() ([]Token, error) {
+	// snippet must have curlies.
+	err := p.openCurlyBrace()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	nesting := 1 // count our own nesting in snippets
+	tokens := []Token{}
+	for p.Next() {
+		if p.Val() == "}" {
+			nesting--
+			if nesting == 0 {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if p.Val() == "{" {
+			nesting++
+		}
+		tokens = append(tokens, p.tokens[p.cursor])
+	}
+	// make sure we're matched up
+	if nesting != 0 {
+		return nil, p.SyntaxErr("}")
+	}
+	return tokens, nil
+}
+
+// ServerBlock associates any number of keys from the
+// head of the server block with tokens, which are
+// grouped by segments.
+type ServerBlock struct {
+	Keys     []string
+	Segments []Segment
+}
+
+// DispenseDirective returns a dispenser that contains
+// all the tokens in the server block.
+func (sb ServerBlock) DispenseDirective(dir string) *Dispenser {
+	var tokens []Token
+	for _, seg := range sb.Segments {
+		if len(seg) > 0 && seg[0].Text == dir {
+			tokens = append(tokens, seg...)
+		}
+	}
+	return NewDispenser("", tokens)
+}
+
+// Segment is a list of tokens which begins with a directive
+// and ends at the end of the directive (either at the end of
+// the line, or at the end of a block it opens).
+type Segment []Token
+
+// Directive returns the directive name for the segment.
+// The directive name is the text of the first token.
+func (s Segment) Directive() string {
+	if len(s) > 0 {
+		return s[0].Text
+	}
+	return ""
+}
+
+// NewDispenser returns a dispenser for this
+// segment's tokens.
+func (s Segment) NewDispenser() *Dispenser {
+	return NewDispenser("", s)
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/parse_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,681 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Light Code Labs, LLC
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+// TODO: re-enable all tests
+
+func TestAllTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	input := strings.NewReader("a b c\nd e")
+	expected := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}
+	tokens, err := allTokens(input)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected no error, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(tokens) != len(expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %d tokens, got %d", len(expected), len(tokens))
+	}
+
+	for i, val := range expected {
+		if tokens[i].Text != val {
+			t.Errorf("Token %d should be '%s' but was '%s'", i, val, tokens[i].Text)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseOneAndImport(t *testing.T) {
+	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
+		p := testParser(input)
+		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		return p.block, err
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input     string
+		shouldErr bool
+		keys      []string
+		numTokens []int // number of tokens to expect in each segment
+	}{
+		{`localhost`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{1}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234
+		  dir1 foo bar`, false, []string{
+			"localhost:1234",
+		}, []int{3},
+		},
+
+		{`localhost {
+		    dir1
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{1}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234 {
+		    dir1 foo bar
+		    dir2
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"localhost:1234",
+		}, []int{3, 1}},
+
+		{`http://localhost https://localhost
+		  dir1 foo bar`, false, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+			"https://localhost",
+		}, []int{3}},
+
+		{`http://localhost https://localhost {
+		    dir1 foo bar
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+			"https://localhost",
+		}, []int{3}},
+
+		{`http://localhost, https://localhost {
+		    dir1 foo bar
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+			"https://localhost",
+		}, []int{3}},
+
+		{`http://localhost, {
+		  }`, true, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+		}, []int{}},
+
+		{`host1:80, http://host2.com
+		  dir1 foo bar
+		  dir2 baz`, false, []string{
+			"host1:80",
+			"http://host2.com",
+		}, []int{3, 2}},
+
+		{`http://host1.com,
+		  http://host2.com,
+		  https://host3.com`, false, []string{
+			"http://host1.com",
+			"http://host2.com",
+			"https://host3.com",
+		}, []int{}},
+
+		{`http://host1.com:1234, https://host2.com
+		  dir1 foo {
+		    bar baz
+		  }
+		  dir2`, false, []string{
+			"http://host1.com:1234",
+			"https://host2.com",
+		}, []int{6, 1}},
+
+		{`127.0.0.1
+		  dir1 {
+		    bar baz
+		  }
+		  dir2 {
+		    foo bar
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"127.0.0.1",
+		}, []int{5, 5}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		    foo`, true, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{3}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{3}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		  } }`, true, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		    nested {
+		      foo
+		    }
+		  }
+		  dir2 foo bar`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{7, 3}},
+
+		{``, false, []string{}, []int{}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 arg1
+		  import testdata/import_test1.txt`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, []int{2, 3, 1}},
+
+		{`import testdata/import_test2.txt`, false, []string{
+			"host1",
+		}, []int{1, 2}},
+
+		{`import testdata/import_test1.txt testdata/import_test2.txt`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+
+		{`import testdata/not_found.txt`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+
+		{`""`, false, []string{}, []int{}},
+
+		{``, false, []string{}, []int{}},
+
+		// test cases found by fuzzing!
+		{`import }{$"`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import /*/*.txt`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import /???/?*?o`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import /??`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import /[a-z]`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import {$}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import {%}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import {$$}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+		{`import {%%}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
+	} {
+		result, err := testParseOne(test.input)
+
+		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected an error, but didn't get one", i)
+		}
+		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but got: %v", i, err)
+		}
+
+		if len(result.Keys) != len(test.keys) {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d keys, got %d",
+				i, len(test.keys), len(result.Keys))
+			continue
+		}
+		for j, addr := range result.Keys {
+			if addr != test.keys[j] {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, key %d: Expected '%s', but was '%s'",
+					i, j, test.keys[j], addr)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if len(result.Segments) != len(test.numTokens) {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d segments, had %d",
+				i, len(test.numTokens), len(result.Segments))
+			continue
+		}
+
+		for j, seg := range result.Segments {
+			if len(seg) != test.numTokens[j] {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, segment %d: Expected %d tokens, counted %d",
+					i, j, test.numTokens[j], len(seg))
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecursiveImport(t *testing.T) {
+	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
+		p := testParser(input)
+		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		return p.block, err
+	}
+
+	isExpected := func(got ServerBlock) bool {
+		if len(got.Keys) != 1 || got.Keys[0] != "localhost" {
+			t.Errorf("got keys unexpected: expect localhost, got %v", got.Keys)
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(got.Segments) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("got wrong number of segments: expect 2, got %d", len(got.Segments))
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(got.Segments[0]) != 1 || len(got.Segments[1]) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("got unexpect tokens: %v", got.Segments)
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
+	recursiveFile1, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/recursive_import_test1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	recursiveFile2, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/recursive_import_test2")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// test relative recursive import
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(recursiveFile1, []byte(
+		`localhost
+		dir1
+		import recursive_import_test2`), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(recursiveFile1)
+
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(recursiveFile2, []byte("dir2 1"), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(recursiveFile2)
+
+	// import absolute path
+	result, err := testParseOne("import " + recursiveFile1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("absolute+relative import failed")
+	}
+
+	// import relative path
+	result, err = testParseOne("import testdata/recursive_import_test1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("relative+relative import failed")
+	}
+
+	// test absolute recursive import
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(recursiveFile1, []byte(
+		`localhost
+		dir1
+		import `+recursiveFile2), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// import absolute path
+	result, err = testParseOne("import " + recursiveFile1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("absolute+absolute import failed")
+	}
+
+	// import relative path
+	result, err = testParseOne("import testdata/recursive_import_test1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("relative+absolute import failed")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestDirectiveImport(t *testing.T) {
+	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
+		p := testParser(input)
+		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		return p.block, err
+	}
+
+	isExpected := func(got ServerBlock) bool {
+		if len(got.Keys) != 1 || got.Keys[0] != "localhost" {
+			t.Errorf("got keys unexpected: expect localhost, got %v", got.Keys)
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(got.Segments) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("got wrong number of segments: expect 2, got %d", len(got.Segments))
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(got.Segments[0]) != 1 || len(got.Segments[1]) != 8 {
+			t.Errorf("got unexpect tokens: %v", got.Segments)
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
+	directiveFile, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/directive_import_test")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(directiveFile, []byte(`prop1 1
+	prop2 2`), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(directiveFile)
+
+	// import from existing file
+	result, err := testParseOne(`localhost
+	dir1
+	proxy {
+		import testdata/directive_import_test
+		transparent
+	}`)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("directive import failed")
+	}
+
+	// import from nonexistent file
+	_, err = testParseOne(`localhost
+	dir1
+	proxy {
+		import testdata/nonexistent_file
+		transparent
+	}`)
+	if err == nil {
+		t.Fatal("expected error when importing a nonexistent file")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseAll(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input     string
+		shouldErr bool
+		keys      [][]string // keys per server block, in order
+	}{
+		{`localhost`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost:1234"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234 {
+		  }
+		  localhost:2015 {
+		  }`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost:1234"},
+			{"localhost:2015"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234, http://host2`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost:1234", "http://host2"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234, http://host2,`, true, [][]string{}},
+
+		{`http://host1.com, http://host2.com {
+		  }
+		  https://host3.com, https://host4.com {
+		  }`, false, [][]string{
+			{"http://host1.com", "http://host2.com"},
+			{"https://host3.com", "https://host4.com"},
+		}},
+
+		{`import testdata/import_glob*.txt`, false, [][]string{
+			{"glob0.host0"},
+			{"glob0.host1"},
+			{"glob1.host0"},
+			{"glob2.host0"},
+		}},
+
+		{`import notfound/*`, false, [][]string{}},        // glob needn't error with no matches
+		{`import notfound/file.conf`, true, [][]string{}}, // but a specific file should
+	} {
+		p := testParser(test.input)
+		blocks, err := p.parseAll()
+
+		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected an error, but didn't get one", i)
+		}
+		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but got: %v", i, err)
+		}
+
+		if len(blocks) != len(test.keys) {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d server blocks, got %d",
+				i, len(test.keys), len(blocks))
+			continue
+		}
+		for j, block := range blocks {
+			if len(block.Keys) != len(test.keys[j]) {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d keys in block %d, got %d",
+					i, len(test.keys[j]), j, len(block.Keys))
+				continue
+			}
+			for k, addr := range block.Keys {
+				if addr != test.keys[j][k] {
+					t.Errorf("Test %d, block %d, key %d: Expected '%s', but got '%s'",
+						i, j, k, test.keys[j][k], addr)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnvironmentReplacement(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Setenv("PORT", "8080")
+	os.Setenv("ADDRESS", "servername.com")
+	os.Setenv("FOOBAR", "foobar")
+	os.Setenv("PARTIAL_DIR", "r1")
+
+	// basic test; unix-style env vars
+	p := testParser(`{$ADDRESS}`)
+	blocks, _ := p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// basic test; unix-style env vars
+	p = testParser(`di{$PARTIAL_DIR}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "dir1"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// multiple vars per token
+	p = testParser(`{$ADDRESS}:{$PORT}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com:8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// windows-style var and unix style in same token
+	p = testParser(`{%ADDRESS%}:{$PORT}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com:8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// reverse order
+	p = testParser(`{$ADDRESS}:{%PORT%}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com:8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// env var in server block body as argument
+	p = testParser(":{%PORT%}\ndir1 {$FOOBAR}")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], ":8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][1].Text, "foobar"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// combined windows env vars in argument
+	p = testParser(":{%PORT%}\ndir1 {%ADDRESS%}/{%FOOBAR%}")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][1].Text, "servername.com/foobar"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// malformed env var (windows)
+	p = testParser(":1234\ndir1 {%ADDRESS}")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][1].Text, "{%ADDRESS}"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected host to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// malformed (non-existent) env var (unix)
+	p = testParser(`:{$PORT$}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], ":"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// in quoted field
+	p = testParser(":1234\ndir1 \"Test {$FOOBAR} test\"")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][1].Text, "Test foobar test"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// after end token
+	p = testParser(":1234\nanswer \"{{ .Name }} {$FOOBAR}\"")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][1].Text, "{{ .Name }} foobar"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSnippets(t *testing.T) {
+	p := testParser(`
+		(common) {
+			gzip foo
+			errors stderr
+		}
+		http://example.com {
+			import common
+		}
+	`)
+	blocks, err := p.parseAll()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, b := range blocks {
+		t.Log(b.Keys)
+		t.Log(b.Segments)
+	}
+	if len(blocks) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expect exactly one server block. Got %d.", len(blocks))
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "http://example.com"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected server name to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+	if len(blocks[0].Segments) != 2 {
+		t.Fatalf("Server block should have tokens from import, got: %+v", blocks[0])
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][0].Text, "gzip"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[1][1].Text, "stderr"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func writeStringToTempFileOrDie(t *testing.T, str string) (pathToFile string) {
+	file, err := ioutil.TempFile("", t.Name())
+	if err != nil {
+		panic(err) // get a stack trace so we know where this was called from.
+	}
+	if _, err := file.WriteString(str); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
+		panic(err)
+	}
+	return file.Name()
+}
+
+func TestImportedFilesIgnoreNonDirectiveImportTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	fileName := writeStringToTempFileOrDie(t, `
+		http://example.com {
+			# This isn't an import directive, it's just an arg with value 'import'
+			basicauth / import password
+		}
+	`)
+	// Parse the root file that imports the other one.
+	p := testParser(`import ` + fileName)
+	blocks, err := p.parseAll()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, b := range blocks {
+		t.Log(b.Keys)
+		t.Log(b.Segments)
+	}
+	auth := blocks[0].Segments[0]
+	line := auth[0].Text + " " + auth[1].Text + " " + auth[2].Text + " " + auth[3].Text
+	if line != "basicauth / import password" {
+		// Previously, it would be changed to:
+		//   basicauth / import /path/to/test/dir/password
+		// referencing a file that (probably) doesn't exist and changing the
+		// password!
+		t.Errorf("Expected basicauth tokens to be 'basicauth / import password' but got %#q", line)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestSnippetAcrossMultipleFiles(t *testing.T) {
+	// Make the derived Caddyfile that expects (common) to be defined.
+	fileName := writeStringToTempFileOrDie(t, `
+		http://example.com {
+			import common
+		}
+	`)
+
+	// Parse the root file that defines (common) and then imports the other one.
+	p := testParser(`
+		(common) {
+			gzip foo
+		}
+		import ` + fileName + `
+	`)
+
+	blocks, err := p.parseAll()
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	for _, b := range blocks {
+		t.Log(b.Keys)
+		t.Log(b.Segments)
+	}
+	if len(blocks) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("Expect exactly one server block. Got %d.", len(blocks))
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "http://example.com"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected server name to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+	if len(blocks[0].Segments) != 1 {
+		t.Fatalf("Server block should have tokens from import")
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][0].Text, "gzip"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func testParser(input string) parser {
+	return parser{Dispenser: newTestDispenser(input)}
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/testdata/import_glob0.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+glob0.host0 {
+	dir2 arg1
+}
+
+glob0.host1 {
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/testdata/import_glob1.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+glob1.host0 {
+	dir1
+	dir2 arg1
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/testdata/import_glob2.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+glob2.host0 {
+	dir2 arg1
+}

caddyconfig/caddyfile/testdata/import_test1.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+dir2 arg1 arg2
+dir3

caddyconfig/caddyfile/testdata/import_test2.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+host1 {
+	dir1
+	dir2 arg1
+}

caddyconfig/configadapters.go

@@ -0,0 +1,113 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyconfig
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+)
+
+// Adapter is a type which can adapt a configuration to Caddy JSON.
+// It returns the results and any warnings, or an error.
+type Adapter interface {
+	Adapt(body []byte, options map[string]string) ([]byte, []Warning, error)
+}
+
+// Warning represents a warning or notice related to conversion.
+type Warning struct {
+	File      string
+	Line      int
+	Directive string
+	Message   string
+}
+
+// JSON encodes val as JSON, returning it as a json.RawMessage. Any
+// marshaling errors (which are highly unlikely with correct code)
+// are converted to warnings. This is convenient when filling config
+// structs that require a json.RawMessage, without having to worry
+// about errors.
+func JSON(val interface{}, warnings *[]Warning) json.RawMessage {
+	b, err := json.Marshal(val)
+	if err != nil {
+		if warnings != nil {
+			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+	return b
+}
+
+// JSONModuleObject is like JSON, except it marshals val into a JSON object
+// and then adds a key to that object named fieldName with the value fieldVal.
+// This is useful for JSON-encoding module values where the module name has to
+// be described within the object by a certain key; for example,
+// "responder": "file_server" for a file server HTTP responder. The val must
+// encode into a map[string]interface{} (i.e. it must be a struct or map),
+// and any errors are converted into warnings, so this can be conveniently
+// used when filling a struct. For correct code, there should be no errors.
+func JSONModuleObject(val interface{}, fieldName, fieldVal string, warnings *[]Warning) json.RawMessage {
+	// encode to a JSON object first
+	enc, err := json.Marshal(val)
+	if err != nil {
+		if warnings != nil {
+			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// then decode the object
+	var tmp map[string]interface{}
+	err = json.Unmarshal(enc, &tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		if warnings != nil {
+			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	// so we can easily add the module's field with its appointed value
+	tmp[fieldName] = fieldVal
+
+	// then re-marshal as JSON
+	result, err := json.Marshal(tmp)
+	if err != nil {
+		if warnings != nil {
+			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// JSONIndent is used to JSON-marshal the final resulting Caddy
+// configuration in a consistent, human-readable way.
+func JSONIndent(val interface{}) ([]byte, error) {
+	return json.MarshalIndent(val, "", "\t")
+}
+
+func RegisterAdapter(name string, adapter Adapter) error {
+	if _, ok := configAdapters[name]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("%s: already registered", name)
+	}
+	configAdapters[name] = adapter
+	return nil
+}
+
+func GetAdapter(name string) Adapter {
+	return configAdapters[name]
+}
+
+var configAdapters = make(map[string]Adapter)

caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile/addresses.go

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package httpcaddyfile
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/url"
+	"reflect"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
+)
+
+// mapAddressToServerBlocks returns a map of listener address to list of server
+// blocks that will be served on that address. To do this, each server block is
+// expanded so that each one is considered individually, although keys of a
+// server block that share the same address stay grouped together so the config
+// isn't repeated unnecessarily. For example, this Caddyfile:
+//
+// 	example.com {
+// 		bind 127.0.0.1
+// 	}
+// 	www.example.com, example.net/path, localhost:9999 {
+// 		bind 127.0.0.1 1.2.3.4
+// 	}
+//
+// has two server blocks to start with. But expressed in this Caddyfile are
+// actually 4 listener addresses: 127.0.0.1:443, 1.2.3.4:443, 127.0.0.1:9999,
+// and 127.0.0.1:9999. This is because the bind directive is applied to each
+// key of its server block (specifying the host part), and each key may have
+// a different port. And we definitely need to be sure that a site which is
+// bound to be served on a specific interface is not served on others just
+// beceause that is more convenient: it would be a potential security risk
+// if the difference between interfaces means private vs. public.
+//
+// So what this function does for the example above is iterate each server
+// block, and for each server block, iterate its keys. For the first, it
+// finds one key (example.com) and determines its listener address
+// (127.0.0.1:443 - because of 'bind' and automatic HTTPS). It then adds
+// the listener address to the map value returned by this function, with
+// the first server block as one of its associations.
+//
+// It then iterates each key on the second server block and associates them
+// with one or more listener addresses. Indeed, each key in this block has
+// two listener addresses because of the 'bind' directive. Once we know
+// which addresses serve which keys, we can create a new server block for
+// each address containing the contents of the server block and only those
+// specific keys of the server block which use that address.
+//
+// It is possible and even likely that some keys in the returned map have
+// the exact same list of server blocks (i.e. they are identical). This
+// happens when multiple hosts are declared with a 'bind' directive and
+// the resulting listener addresses are not shared by any other server
+// block (or the other server blocks are exactly identical in their token
+// contents). This happens with our example above because 1.2.3.4:443
+// and 1.2.3.4:9999 are used exclusively with the second server block. This
+// repetition may be undesirable, so call consolidateAddrMappings() to map
+// multiple addresses to the same lists of server blocks (a many:many mapping).
+// (Doing this is essentially a map-reduce technique.)
+func (st *ServerType) mapAddressToServerBlocks(originalServerBlocks []serverBlock) (map[string][]serverBlock, error) {
+	sbmap := make(map[string][]serverBlock)
+
+	for i, sblock := range originalServerBlocks {
+		// within a server block, we need to map all the listener addresses
+		// implied by the server block to the keys of the server block which
+		// will be served by them; this has the effect of treating each
+		// key of a server block as its own, but without having to repeat its
+		// contents in cases where multiple keys really can be served together
+		addrToKeys := make(map[string][]string)
+		for j, key := range sblock.block.Keys {
+			// a key can have multiple listener addresses if there are multiple
+			// arguments to the 'bind' directive (although they will all have
+			// the same port, since the port is defined by the key or is implicit
+			// through automatic HTTPS)
+			addrs, err := st.listenerAddrsForServerBlockKey(sblock, key)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("server block %d, key %d (%s): determining listener address: %v", i, j, key, err)
+			}
+
+			// associate this key with each listener address it is served on
+			for _, addr := range addrs {
+				addrToKeys[addr] = append(addrToKeys[addr], key)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// now that we know which addresses serve which keys of this
+		// server block, we iterate that mapping and create a list of
+		// new server blocks for each address where the keys of the
+		// server block are only the ones which use the address; but
+		// the contents (tokens) are of course the same
+		for addr, keys := range addrToKeys {
+			sbmap[addr] = append(sbmap[addr], serverBlock{
+				block: caddyfile.ServerBlock{
+					Keys:     keys,
+					Segments: sblock.block.Segments,
+				},
+				pile: sblock.pile,
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	return sbmap, nil
+}
+
+// consolidateAddrMappings eliminates repetition of identical server blocks in a mapping of
+// single listener addresses to lists of server blocks. Since multiple addresses may serve
+// identical sites (server block contents), this function turns a 1:many mapping into a
+// many:many mapping. Server block contents (tokens) must be exactly identical so that
+// reflect.DeepEqual returns true in order for the addresses to be combined. Identical
+// entries are deleted from the addrToServerBlocks map. Essentially, each pairing (each
+// association from multiple addresses to multiple server blocks; i.e. each element of
+// the returned slice) becomes a server definition in the output JSON.
+func (st *ServerType) consolidateAddrMappings(addrToServerBlocks map[string][]serverBlock) []sbAddrAssociation {
+	var sbaddrs []sbAddrAssociation
+	for addr, sblocks := range addrToServerBlocks {
+		// we start with knowing that at least this address
+		// maps to these server blocks
+		a := sbAddrAssociation{
+			addresses:    []string{addr},
+			serverBlocks: sblocks,
+		}
+
+		// now find other addresses that map to identical
+		// server blocks and add them to our list of
+		// addresses, while removing them from the map
+		for otherAddr, otherSblocks := range addrToServerBlocks {
+			if addr == otherAddr {
+				continue
+			}
+			if reflect.DeepEqual(sblocks, otherSblocks) {
+				a.addresses = append(a.addresses, otherAddr)
+				delete(addrToServerBlocks, otherAddr)
+			}
+		}
+
+		sbaddrs = append(sbaddrs, a)
+	}
+	return sbaddrs
+}
+
+func (st *ServerType) listenerAddrsForServerBlockKey(sblock serverBlock, key string) ([]string, error) {
+	addr, err := ParseAddress(key)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing key: %v", err)
+	}
+	addr = addr.Normalize()
+
+	lnPort := defaultPort
+	if addr.Port != "" {
+		// port explicitly defined
+		lnPort = addr.Port
+	} else if certmagic.HostQualifies(addr.Host) {
+		// automatic HTTPS
+		lnPort = strconv.Itoa(certmagic.HTTPSPort)
+	}
+
+	// the bind directive specifies hosts, but is optional
+	var lnHosts []string
+	for _, cfgVal := range sblock.pile["bind"] {
+		lnHosts = append(lnHosts, cfgVal.Value.([]string)...)
+	}
+	if len(lnHosts) == 0 {
+		lnHosts = []string{""}
+	}
+
+	// use a map to prevent duplication
+	listeners := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, host := range lnHosts {
+		listeners[net.JoinHostPort(host, lnPort)] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	// now turn map into list
+	var listenersList []string
+	for lnStr := range listeners {
+		listenersList = append(listenersList, lnStr)
+	}
+	// sort.Strings(listenersList) // TODO: is sorting necessary?
+
+	return listenersList, nil
+}
+
+// Address represents a site address. It contains
+// the original input value, and the component
+// parts of an address. The component parts may be
+// updated to the correct values as setup proceeds,
+// but the original value should never be changed.
+//
+// The Host field must be in a normalized form.
+type Address struct {
+	Original, Scheme, Host, Port, Path string
+}
+
+// ParseAddress parses an address string into a structured format with separate
+// scheme, host, port, and path portions, as well as the original input string.
+func ParseAddress(str string) (Address, error) {
+	httpPort, httpsPort := strconv.Itoa(certmagic.HTTPPort), strconv.Itoa(certmagic.HTTPSPort)
+
+	input := str
+
+	// Split input into components (prepend with // to force host portion by default)
+	if !strings.Contains(str, "//") && !strings.HasPrefix(str, "/") {
+		str = "//" + str
+	}
+
+	u, err := url.Parse(str)
+	if err != nil {
+		return Address{}, err
+	}
+
+	// separate host and port
+	host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(u.Host)
+	if err != nil {
+		host, port, err = net.SplitHostPort(u.Host + ":")
+		if err != nil {
+			host = u.Host
+		}
+	}
+
+	// see if we can set port based off scheme
+	if port == "" {
+		if u.Scheme == "http" {
+			port = httpPort
+		} else if u.Scheme == "https" {
+			port = httpsPort
+		}
+	}
+
+	// error if scheme and port combination violate convention
+	if (u.Scheme == "http" && port == httpsPort) || (u.Scheme == "https" && port == httpPort) {
+		return Address{}, fmt.Errorf("[%s] scheme and port violate convention", input)
+	}
+
+	return Address{Original: input, Scheme: u.Scheme, Host: host, Port: port, Path: u.Path}, err
+}
+
+// TODO: which of the methods on Address are even used?
+
+// String returns a human-readable form of a. It will
+// be a cleaned-up and filled-out URL string.
+func (a Address) String() string {
+	if a.Host == "" && a.Port == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	scheme := a.Scheme
+	if scheme == "" {
+		if a.Port == strconv.Itoa(certmagic.HTTPSPort) {
+			scheme = "https"
+		} else {
+			scheme = "http"
+		}
+	}
+	s := scheme
+	if s != "" {
+		s += "://"
+	}
+	if a.Port != "" &&
+		((scheme == "https" && a.Port != strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPSPort)) ||
+			(scheme == "http" && a.Port != strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPPort))) {
+		s += net.JoinHostPort(a.Host, a.Port)
+	} else {
+		s += a.Host
+	}
+	if a.Path != "" {
+		s += a.Path
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+// Normalize returns a normalized version of a.
+func (a Address) Normalize() Address {
+	path := a.Path
+	if !caseSensitivePath {
+		path = strings.ToLower(path)
+	}
+
+	// ensure host is normalized if it's an IP address
+	host := a.Host
+	if ip := net.ParseIP(host); ip != nil {
+		host = ip.String()
+	}
+
+	return Address{
+		Original: a.Original,
+		Scheme:   strings.ToLower(a.Scheme),
+		Host:     strings.ToLower(host),
+		Port:     a.Port,
+		Path:     path,
+	}
+}
+
+// Key returns a string form of a, much like String() does, but this
+// method doesn't add anything default that wasn't in the original.
+func (a Address) Key() string {
+	res := ""
+	if a.Scheme != "" {
+		res += a.Scheme + "://"
+	}
+	if a.Host != "" {
+		res += a.Host
+	}
+	// insert port only if the original has its own explicit port
+	if a.Port != "" &&
+		len(a.Original) >= len(res) &&
+		strings.HasPrefix(a.Original[len(res):], ":"+a.Port) {
+		res += ":" + a.Port
+	}
+	if a.Path != "" {
+		res += a.Path
+	}
+	return res
+}
+
+const (
+	defaultPort       = "2015"
+	caseSensitivePath = false // TODO: Used?
+)

caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile/addresses_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+package httpcaddyfile
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestParseAddress(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input                    string
+		scheme, host, port, path string
+		shouldErr                bool
+	}{
+		{`localhost`, "", "localhost", "", "", false},
+		{`localhost:1234`, "", "localhost", "1234", "", false},
+		{`localhost:`, "", "localhost", "", "", false},
+		{`0.0.0.0`, "", "0.0.0.0", "", "", false},
+		{`127.0.0.1:1234`, "", "127.0.0.1", "1234", "", false},
+		{`:1234`, "", "", "1234", "", false},
+		{`[::1]`, "", "::1", "", "", false},
+		{`[::1]:1234`, "", "::1", "1234", "", false},
+		{`:`, "", "", "", "", false},
+		{`:http`, "", "", "", "", true},
+		{`:https`, "", "", "", "", true},
+		{`localhost:http`, "", "", "", "", true}, // using service name in port is verboten, as of Go 1.12.8
+		{`localhost:https`, "", "", "", "", true},
+		{`http://localhost:https`, "", "", "", "", true}, // conflict
+		{`http://localhost:http`, "", "", "", "", true},  // repeated scheme
+		{`host:https/path`, "", "", "", "", true},
+		{`http://localhost:443`, "", "", "", "", true}, // not conventional
+		{`https://localhost:80`, "", "", "", "", true}, // not conventional
+		{`http://localhost`, "http", "localhost", "80", "", false},
+		{`https://localhost`, "https", "localhost", "443", "", false},
+		{`http://127.0.0.1`, "http", "127.0.0.1", "80", "", false},
+		{`https://127.0.0.1`, "https", "127.0.0.1", "443", "", false},
+		{`http://[::1]`, "http", "::1", "80", "", false},
+		{`http://localhost:1234`, "http", "localhost", "1234", "", false},
+		{`https://127.0.0.1:1234`, "https", "127.0.0.1", "1234", "", false},
+		{`http://[::1]:1234`, "http", "::1", "1234", "", false},
+		{``, "", "", "", "", false},
+		{`::1`, "", "::1", "", "", true},
+		{`localhost::`, "", "localhost::", "", "", true},
+		{`#$%@`, "", "", "", "", true},
+		{`host/path`, "", "host", "", "/path", false},
+		{`http://host/`, "http", "host", "80", "/", false},
+		{`//asdf`, "", "asdf", "", "", false},
+		{`:1234/asdf`, "", "", "1234", "/asdf", false},
+		{`http://host/path`, "http", "host", "80", "/path", false},
+		{`https://host:443/path/foo`, "https", "host", "443", "/path/foo", false},
+		{`host:80/path`, "", "host", "80", "/path", false},
+		{`/path`, "", "", "", "/path", false},
+	} {
+		actual, err := ParseAddress(test.input)
+
+		if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected no error, but had error: %v", i, test.input, err)
+		}
+		if err == nil && test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected error, but had none", i, test.input)
+		}
+
+		if !test.shouldErr && actual.Original != test.input {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected original '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.input, actual.Original)
+		}
+		if actual.Scheme != test.scheme {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected scheme '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.scheme, actual.Scheme)
+		}
+		if actual.Host != test.host {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected host '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.host, actual.Host)
+		}
+		if actual.Port != test.port {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected port '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.port, actual.Port)
+		}
+		if actual.Path != test.path {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected path '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.path, actual.Path)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestAddressString(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		addr     Address
+		expected string
+	}{
+		{Address{Scheme: "http", Host: "host", Port: "1234", Path: "/path"}, "http://host:1234/path"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "", Path: ""}, "http://host"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "80", Path: ""}, "http://host"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "443", Path: ""}, "https://host"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "https", Host: "host", Port: "443", Path: ""}, "https://host"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "https", Host: "host", Port: "", Path: ""}, "https://host"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "80", Path: "/path"}, "http://host/path"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "http", Host: "", Port: "1234", Path: ""}, "http://:1234"},
+		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "", Port: "", Path: ""}, ""},
+	} {
+		actual := test.addr.String()
+		if actual != test.expected {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: expected '%s' but got '%s'", i, test.expected, actual)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestKeyNormalization(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		input  string
+		expect string
+	}{
+		{
+			input:  "http://host:1234/path",
+			expect: "http://host:1234/path",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "HTTP://A/ABCDEF",
+			expect: "http://a/ABCDEF",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "A/ABCDEF",
+			expect: "a/ABCDEF",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "A:2015/Path",
+			expect: "a:2015/Path",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  ":80",
+			expect: ":80",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  ":443",
+			expect: ":443",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  ":1234",
+			expect: ":1234",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "",
+			expect: "",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  ":",
+			expect: "",
+		},
+		{
+			input:  "[::]",
+			expect: "::",
+		},
+	}
+	for i, tc := range testCases {
+		addr, err := ParseAddress(tc.input)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Parsing address '%s': %v", i, tc.input, err)
+			continue
+		}
+		expect := tc.expect
+		if !caseSensitivePath {
+			// every other part of the address should be lowercased when normalized,
+			// so simply lower-case the whole thing to do case-insensitive comparison
+			// of the path as well
+			expect = strings.ToLower(expect)
+		}
+		if actual := addr.Normalize().Key(); actual != expect {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Normalized key for address '%s' was '%s' but expected '%s'", i, tc.input, actual, expect)
+		}
+
+	}
+}

caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile/builtins.go

@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package httpcaddyfile
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"html"
+	"net/http"
+	"reflect"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/caddyconfig"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/modules/caddyhttp"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddytls"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	RegisterDirective("bind", parseBind)
+	RegisterDirective("root", parseRoot)
+	RegisterDirective("tls", parseTLS)
+	RegisterHandlerDirective("redir", parseRedir)
+}
+
+func parseBind(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error) {
+	var lnHosts []string
+	for h.Next() {
+		lnHosts = append(lnHosts, h.RemainingArgs()...)
+	}
+	return h.NewBindAddresses(lnHosts), nil
+}
+
+func parseRoot(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error) {
+	if !h.Next() {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+
+	matcherSet, ok, err := h.MatcherToken()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	if !ok {
+		// no matcher token; oops
+		h.Dispenser.Prev()
+	}
+
+	if !h.NextArg() {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+	root := h.Val()
+	if h.NextArg() {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+
+	varsHandler := caddyhttp.VarsMiddleware{"root": root}
+	route := caddyhttp.Route{
+		HandlersRaw: []json.RawMessage{
+			caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(varsHandler, "handler", "vars", nil),
+		},
+	}
+	if matcherSet != nil {
+		route.MatcherSetsRaw = []map[string]json.RawMessage{matcherSet}
+	}
+
+	return h.NewVarsRoute(route), nil
+}
+
+func parseTLS(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error) {
+	var configVals []ConfigValue
+
+	cp := new(caddytls.ConnectionPolicy)
+	var fileLoader caddytls.FileLoader
+	var folderLoader caddytls.FolderLoader
+	var mgr caddytls.ACMEManagerMaker
+	var off bool
+
+	for h.Next() {
+		// file certificate loader
+		firstLine := h.RemainingArgs()
+		switch len(firstLine) {
+		case 0:
+		case 1:
+			if firstLine[0] == "off" {
+				off = true
+			} else {
+				mgr.Email = firstLine[0]
+			}
+		case 2:
+			fileLoader = append(fileLoader, caddytls.CertKeyFilePair{
+				Certificate: firstLine[0],
+				Key:         firstLine[1],
+				// TODO: add tags, for enterprise module's certificate selection
+			})
+		default:
+			return nil, h.ArgErr()
+		}
+
+		var hasBlock bool
+		for h.NextBlock() {
+			hasBlock = true
+
+			switch h.Val() {
+
+			// connection policy
+			case "protocols":
+				args := h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(args) == 0 {
+					return nil, h.SyntaxErr("one or two protocols")
+				}
+				if len(args) > 0 {
+					if _, ok := caddytls.SupportedProtocols[args[0]]; !ok {
+						return nil, h.Errf("Wrong protocol name or protocol not supported: '%s'", args[0])
+					}
+					cp.ProtocolMin = args[0]
+				}
+				if len(args) > 1 {
+					if _, ok := caddytls.SupportedProtocols[args[1]]; !ok {
+						return nil, h.Errf("Wrong protocol name or protocol not supported: '%s'", args[1])
+					}
+					cp.ProtocolMax = args[1]
+				}
+			case "ciphers":
+				for h.NextArg() {
+					if _, ok := caddytls.SupportedCipherSuites[h.Val()]; !ok {
+						return nil, h.Errf("Wrong cipher suite name or cipher suite not supported: '%s'", h.Val())
+					}
+					cp.CipherSuites = append(cp.CipherSuites, h.Val())
+				}
+			case "curves":
+				for h.NextArg() {
+					if _, ok := caddytls.SupportedCurves[h.Val()]; !ok {
+						return nil, h.Errf("Wrong curve name or curve not supported: '%s'", h.Val())
+					}
+					cp.Curves = append(cp.Curves, h.Val())
+				}
+			case "alpn":
+				args := h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(args) == 0 {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+				cp.ALPN = args
+
+			// certificate folder loader
+			case "load":
+				folderLoader = append(folderLoader, h.RemainingArgs()...)
+
+			// automation policy
+			case "ca":
+				arg := h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(arg) != 1 {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+				mgr.CA = arg[0]
+
+				// TODO: other properties for automation manager
+			}
+		}
+
+		// a naked tls directive is not allowed
+		if len(firstLine) == 0 && !hasBlock {
+			return nil, h.ArgErr()
+		}
+	}
+
+	// connection policy
+	configVals = append(configVals, ConfigValue{
+		Class: "tls.connection_policy",
+		Value: cp,
+	})
+
+	// certificate loaders
+	if len(fileLoader) > 0 {
+		configVals = append(configVals, ConfigValue{
+			Class: "tls.certificate_loader",
+			Value: fileLoader,
+		})
+	}
+	if len(folderLoader) > 0 {
+		configVals = append(configVals, ConfigValue{
+			Class: "tls.certificate_loader",
+			Value: folderLoader,
+		})
+	}
+
+	// automation policy
+	if off {
+		configVals = append(configVals, ConfigValue{
+			Class: "tls.off",
+			Value: true,
+		})
+	} else if !reflect.DeepEqual(mgr, caddytls.ACMEManagerMaker{}) {
+		configVals = append(configVals, ConfigValue{
+			Class: "tls.automation_manager",
+			Value: mgr,
+		})
+	}
+
+	return configVals, nil
+}
+
+func parseRedir(h Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	if !h.Next() {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+
+	if !h.NextArg() {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+	to := h.Val()
+
+	var code string
+	if h.NextArg() {
+		code = h.Val()
+	}
+	if code == "permanent" {
+		code = "301"
+	}
+	if code == "temporary" || code == "" {
+		code = "307"
+	}
+	var body string
+	if code == "meta" {
+		// Script tag comes first since that will better imitate a redirect in the browser's
+		// history, but the meta tag is a fallback for most non-JS clients.
+		const metaRedir = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+	<head>
+		<title>Redirecting...</title>
+		<script>window.location.replace("%s");</script>
+		<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; URL='%s'">
+	</head>
+	<body>Redirecting to <a href="%s">%s</a>...</body>
+</html>
+`
+		safeTo := html.EscapeString(to)
+		body = fmt.Sprintf(metaRedir, safeTo, safeTo, safeTo, safeTo)
+	}
+
+	return caddyhttp.StaticResponse{
+		StatusCode: caddyhttp.WeakString(code),
+		Headers:    http.Header{"Location": []string{to}},
+		Body:       body,
+	}, nil
+}

caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile/directives.go

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package httpcaddyfile
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+// defaultDirectiveOrder specifies the order
+// to apply directives in HTTP routes.
+// TODO: finish the ability to customize this
+var defaultDirectiveOrder = []string{
+	"rewrite",
+	"try_files",
+	"headers",
+	"encode",
+	"templates",
+	"redir",
+	"static_response", // TODO: "reply" or "respond"?
+	"reverse_proxy",
+	"file_server",
+}
+
+// RegisterDirective registers a unique directive dir with an
+// associated unmarshaling (setup) function. When directive dir
+// is encountered in a Caddyfile, setupFunc will be called to
+// unmarshal its tokens.
+func RegisterDirective(dir string, setupFunc UnmarshalFunc) {
+	if _, ok := registeredDirectives[dir]; ok {
+		panic("directive " + dir + " already registered")
+	}
+	registeredDirectives[dir] = setupFunc
+}
+
+// RegisterHandlerDirective is like RegisterDirective, but for
+// directives which specifically output only an HTTP handler.
+func RegisterHandlerDirective(dir string, setupFunc UnmarshalHandlerFunc) {
+	RegisterDirective(dir, func(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error) {
+		if !h.Next() {
+			return nil, h.ArgErr()
+		}
+
+		matcherSet, ok, err := h.MatcherToken()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+		if ok {
+			h.Dispenser.Delete() // strip matcher token
+		}
+
+		h.Dispenser.Reset() // pretend this lookahead never happened
+		val, err := setupFunc(h)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		return h.NewRoute(matcherSet, val), nil
+	})
+}
+
+// Helper is a type which helps setup a value from
+// Caddyfile tokens.
+type Helper struct {
+	*caddyfile.Dispenser
+	warnings    *[]caddyconfig.Warning
+	matcherDefs map[string]map[string]json.RawMessage
+}
+
+// JSON converts val into JSON. Any errors are added to warnings.
+func (h Helper) JSON(val interface{}, warnings *[]caddyconfig.Warning) json.RawMessage {
+	return caddyconfig.JSON(val, h.warnings)
+}
+
+// MatcherToken assumes the current token is (possibly) a matcher, and
+// if so, returns the matcher set along with a true value. If the current
+// token is not a matcher, nil and false is returned. Note that a true
+// value may be returned with a nil matcher set if it is a catch-all.
+func (h Helper) MatcherToken() (map[string]json.RawMessage, bool, error) {
+	if !h.NextArg() {
+		return nil, false, nil
+	}
+	return matcherSetFromMatcherToken(h.Dispenser.Token(), h.matcherDefs, h.warnings)
+}
+
+// NewRoute returns config values relevant to creating a new HTTP route.
+func (h Helper) NewRoute(matcherSet map[string]json.RawMessage,
+	handler caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler) []ConfigValue {
+	mod, err := caddy.GetModule(caddy.GetModuleName(handler))
+	if err != nil {
+		// TODO: append to warnings
+	}
+	var matcherSetsRaw []map[string]json.RawMessage
+	if matcherSet != nil {
+		matcherSetsRaw = append(matcherSetsRaw, matcherSet)
+	}
+	return []ConfigValue{
+		{
+			Class: "route",
+			Value: caddyhttp.Route{
+				MatcherSetsRaw: matcherSetsRaw,
+				HandlersRaw:    []json.RawMessage{caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(handler, "handler", mod.ID(), h.warnings)},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+}
+
+// NewBindAddresses returns config values relevant to adding
+// listener bind addresses to the config.
+func (h Helper) NewBindAddresses(addrs []string) []ConfigValue {
+	return []ConfigValue{{Class: "bind", Value: addrs}}
+}
+
+// NewVarsRoute returns config values relevant to adding a
+// "vars" wrapper route to the config.
+func (h Helper) NewVarsRoute(route caddyhttp.Route) []ConfigValue {
+	return []ConfigValue{{Class: "var", Value: route}}
+}
+
+// ConfigValue represents a value to be added to the final
+// configuration, or a value to be consulted when building
+// the final configuration.
+type ConfigValue struct {
+	// The kind of value this is. As the config is
+	// being built, the adapter will look in the
+	// "pile" for values belonging to a certain
+	// class when it is setting up a certain part
+	// of the config. The associated value will be
+	// type-asserted and placed accordingly.
+	Class string
+
+	// The value to be used when building the config.
+	// Generally its type is associated with the
+	// name of the Class.
+	Value interface{}
+
+	directive string
+}
+
+// serverBlock pairs a Caddyfile server block
+// with a "pile" of config values, keyed by class
+// name.
+type serverBlock struct {
+	block caddyfile.ServerBlock
+	pile  map[string][]ConfigValue // config values obtained from directives
+}
+
+type (
+	// UnmarshalFunc is a function which can unmarshal Caddyfile
+	// tokens into zero or more config values using a Helper type.
+	// These are passed in a call to RegisterDirective.
+	UnmarshalFunc func(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error)
+
+	// UnmarshalHandlerFunc is like UnmarshalFunc, except the
+	// output of the unmarshaling is an HTTP handler. This
+	// function does not need to deal with HTTP request matching
+	// which is abstracted away. Since writing HTTP handlers
+	// with Caddyfile support is very common, this is a more
+	// convenient way to add a handler to the chain since a lot
+	// of the details common to HTTP handlers are taken care of
+	// for you. These are passed to a call to
+	// RegisterHandlerDirective.
+	UnmarshalHandlerFunc func(h Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error)
+)
+
+var registeredDirectives = make(map[string]UnmarshalFunc)

caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile/handlers.go

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package httpcaddyfile
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+func (st *ServerType) parseMatcherDefinitions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) (map[string]map[string]json.RawMessage, error) {
+	matchers := make(map[string]map[string]json.RawMessage)
+	for d.Next() {
+		definitionName := d.Val()
+		for d.NextBlock() {
+			matcherName := d.Val()
+			mod, err := caddy.GetModule("http.matchers." + matcherName)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting matcher module '%s': %v", matcherName, err)
+			}
+			unm, ok := mod.New().(caddyfile.Unmarshaler)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("matcher module '%s' is not a Caddyfile unmarshaler", matcherName)
+			}
+			err = unm.UnmarshalCaddyfile(d.NewFromNextTokens())
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			rm, ok := unm.(caddyhttp.RequestMatcher)
+			if !ok {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("matcher module '%s' is not a request matcher", matcherName)
+			}
+			if _, ok := matchers[definitionName]; !ok {
+				matchers[definitionName] = make(map[string]json.RawMessage)
+			}
+			matchers[definitionName][matcherName] = caddyconfig.JSON(rm, nil)
+		}
+	}
+	return matchers, nil
+}

caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile/httptype.go

@@ -0,0 +1,519 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package httpcaddyfile
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"reflect"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddytls"
+	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddyconfig.RegisterAdapter("caddyfile", caddyfile.Adapter{ServerType: ServerType{}})
+}
+
+// ServerType can set up a config from an HTTP Caddyfile.
+type ServerType struct {
+}
+
+// Setup makes a config from the tokens.
+func (st ServerType) Setup(originalServerBlocks []caddyfile.ServerBlock,
+	options map[string]string) (*caddy.Config, []caddyconfig.Warning, error) {
+	var warnings []caddyconfig.Warning
+
+	var serverBlocks []serverBlock
+	for _, sblock := range originalServerBlocks {
+		serverBlocks = append(serverBlocks, serverBlock{
+			block: sblock,
+			pile:  make(map[string][]ConfigValue),
+		})
+	}
+
+	for _, sb := range serverBlocks {
+		// replace shorthand placeholders (which are
+		// convenient when writing a Caddyfile) with
+		// their actual placeholder identifiers or
+		// variable names
+		replacer := strings.NewReplacer(
+			"{uri}", "{http.request.uri}",
+			"{path}", "{http.request.uri.path}",
+			"{host}", "{http.request.host}",
+			"{hostport}", "{http.request.hostport}",
+			"{method}", "{http.request.method}",
+			"{scheme}", "{http.request.scheme}",
+			"{file}", "{http.request.uri.path.file}",
+			"{dir}", "{http.request.uri.path.dir}",
+			"{query}", "{http.request.uri.query}",
+		)
+		for _, segment := range sb.block.Segments {
+			for i := 0; i < len(segment); i++ {
+				segment[i].Text = replacer.Replace(segment[i].Text)
+			}
+		}
+
+		// extract matcher definitions
+		d := sb.block.DispenseDirective("matcher")
+		matcherDefs, err := st.parseMatcherDefinitions(d)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, nil, err
+		}
+
+		for _, segment := range sb.block.Segments {
+			dir := segment.Directive()
+			if dir == "matcher" {
+				// TODO: This is a special case because we pre-processed it; handle this better
+				continue
+			}
+			if dirFunc, ok := registeredDirectives[dir]; ok {
+				results, err := dirFunc(Helper{
+					Dispenser:   segment.NewDispenser(),
+					warnings:    &warnings,
+					matcherDefs: matcherDefs,
+				})
+				if err != nil {
+					return nil, warnings, fmt.Errorf("parsing caddyfile tokens for '%s': %v", dir, err)
+				}
+				for _, result := range results {
+					result.directive = dir
+					sb.pile[result.Class] = append(sb.pile[result.Class], result)
+				}
+			} else {
+				tkn := segment[0]
+				return nil, warnings, fmt.Errorf("%s:%d: unrecognized directive: %s", tkn.File, tkn.Line, dir)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// map
+	sbmap, err := st.mapAddressToServerBlocks(serverBlocks)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, warnings, err
+	}
+
+	// reduce
+	pairings := st.consolidateAddrMappings(sbmap)
+
+	// each pairing of listener addresses to list of server
+	// blocks is basically a server definition
+	servers, err := st.serversFromPairings(pairings, &warnings)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, warnings, err
+	}
+
+	// now that each server is configured, make the HTTP app
+	httpApp := caddyhttp.App{
+		HTTPPort:  tryInt(options["http-port"], &warnings),
+		HTTPSPort: tryInt(options["https-port"], &warnings),
+		Servers:   servers,
+	}
+
+	// now for the TLS app! (TODO: refactor into own func)
+	tlsApp := caddytls.TLS{Certificates: make(map[string]json.RawMessage)}
+	for _, p := range pairings {
+		for _, sblock := range p.serverBlocks {
+			// tls automation policies
+			if mmVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.automation_manager"]; ok {
+				for _, mmVal := range mmVals {
+					mm := mmVal.Value.(caddytls.ManagerMaker)
+					sblockHosts, err := st.autoHTTPSHosts(sblock)
+					if err != nil {
+						return nil, warnings, err
+					}
+					tlsApp.Automation.Policies = append(tlsApp.Automation.Policies, caddytls.AutomationPolicy{
+						Hosts:         sblockHosts,
+						ManagementRaw: caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(mm, "module", mm.(caddy.Module).CaddyModule().ID(), &warnings),
+					})
+				}
+			}
+
+			// tls certificate loaders
+			if clVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.certificate_loader"]; ok {
+				for _, clVal := range clVals {
+					loader := clVal.Value.(caddytls.CertificateLoader)
+					loaderName := caddy.GetModuleName(loader)
+					tlsApp.Certificates[loaderName] = caddyconfig.JSON(loader, &warnings)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	// consolidate automation policies that are the exact same
+	tlsApp.Automation.Policies = consolidateAutomationPolicies(tlsApp.Automation.Policies)
+
+	// annnd the top-level config, then we're done!
+	cfg := &caddy.Config{AppsRaw: make(map[string]json.RawMessage)}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(httpApp, caddyhttp.App{}) {
+		cfg.AppsRaw["http"] = caddyconfig.JSON(httpApp, &warnings)
+	}
+	if !reflect.DeepEqual(tlsApp, caddytls.TLS{}) {
+		cfg.AppsRaw["tls"] = caddyconfig.JSON(tlsApp, &warnings)
+	}
+
+	return cfg, warnings, nil
+}
+
+// hostsFromServerBlockKeys returns a list of all the
+// hostnames found in the keys of the server block sb.
+// The list may not be in a consistent order.
+func (st *ServerType) hostsFromServerBlockKeys(sb caddyfile.ServerBlock) ([]string, error) {
+	// first get each unique hostname
+	hostMap := make(map[string]struct{})
+	for _, sblockKey := range sb.Keys {
+		addr, err := ParseAddress(sblockKey)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing server block key: %v", err)
+		}
+		addr = addr.Normalize()
+		hostMap[addr.Host] = struct{}{}
+	}
+
+	// convert map to slice
+	sblockHosts := make([]string, 0, len(hostMap))
+	for host := range hostMap {
+		sblockHosts = append(sblockHosts, host)
+	}
+
+	return sblockHosts, nil
+}
+
+// serversFromPairings creates the servers for each pairing of addresses
+// to server blocks. Each pairing is essentially a server definition.
+func (st *ServerType) serversFromPairings(pairings []sbAddrAssociation, warnings *[]caddyconfig.Warning) (map[string]*caddyhttp.Server, error) {
+	servers := make(map[string]*caddyhttp.Server)
+
+	for i, p := range pairings {
+		srv := &caddyhttp.Server{
+			Listen: p.addresses,
+		}
+
+		for _, sblock := range p.serverBlocks {
+			matcherSetsEnc, err := st.compileEncodedMatcherSets(sblock.block)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("server block %v: compiling matcher sets: %v", sblock.block.Keys, err)
+			}
+
+			// if there are user-defined variables, then siteVarSubroute will
+			// wrap the handlerSubroute; otherwise handlerSubroute will be the
+			// site's primary subroute.
+			siteVarSubroute, handlerSubroute := new(caddyhttp.Subroute), new(caddyhttp.Subroute)
+
+			// tls: connection policies and toggle auto HTTPS
+
+			autoHTTPSQualifiedHosts, err := st.autoHTTPSHosts(sblock)
+			if err != nil {
+				return nil, err
+			}
+			if _, ok := sblock.pile["tls.off"]; ok {
+				// tls off: disable TLS (and automatic HTTPS) for server block's names
+				if srv.AutoHTTPS == nil {
+					srv.AutoHTTPS = new(caddyhttp.AutoHTTPSConfig)
+				}
+				srv.AutoHTTPS.Skip = append(srv.AutoHTTPS.Skip, autoHTTPSQualifiedHosts...)
+			} else if cpVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.connection_policy"]; ok {
+				// tls connection policies
+				for _, cpVal := range cpVals {
+					cp := cpVal.Value.(*caddytls.ConnectionPolicy)
+					// only create if there is a non-empty policy
+					if !reflect.DeepEqual(cp, new(caddytls.ConnectionPolicy)) {
+						// make sure the policy covers all hostnames from the block
+						hosts, err := st.hostsFromServerBlockKeys(sblock.block)
+						if err != nil {
+							return nil, err
+						}
+
+						// TODO: are matchers needed if every hostname of the config is matched?
+						cp.Matchers = map[string]json.RawMessage{
+							"sni": caddyconfig.JSON(hosts, warnings), // make sure to match all hosts, not just auto-HTTPS-qualified ones
+						}
+						srv.TLSConnPolicies = append(srv.TLSConnPolicies, cp)
+					}
+				}
+				// TODO: consolidate equal conn policies
+			}
+
+			// vars: special routes that will have to wrap the normal handlers
+			// so that these variables can be used across their matchers too
+			for _, cfgVal := range sblock.pile["var"] {
+				siteVarSubroute.Routes = append(siteVarSubroute.Routes, cfgVal.Value.(caddyhttp.Route))
+			}
+
+			// set up each handler directive
+			dirRoutes := sblock.pile["route"]
+			// TODO: The ordering here depends on... if there is a list of
+			// directives to use, then sort by that, otherwise just use in
+			// the order they appear in the slice (which is the order they
+			// appeared in the Caddyfile)
+			sortByList := true
+			if sortByList {
+				dirPositions := make(map[string]int)
+				for i, dir := range defaultDirectiveOrder {
+					dirPositions[dir] = i
+				}
+				sort.SliceStable(dirRoutes, func(i, j int) bool {
+					iDir, jDir := dirRoutes[i].directive, dirRoutes[j].directive
+					return dirPositions[iDir] < dirPositions[jDir]
+				})
+			}
+			for _, r := range dirRoutes {
+				handlerSubroute.Routes = append(handlerSubroute.Routes, r.Value.(caddyhttp.Route))
+			}
+
+			// the route that contains the site's handlers will
+			// be assumed to be the sub-route for this site...
+			siteSubroute := handlerSubroute
+
+			// ... unless, of course, there are variables that might
+			// be used by the site's matchers or handlers, in which
+			// case we need to nest the handlers in a sub-sub-route,
+			// and the variables go in the sub-route so the variables
+			// get evaluated first
+			if len(siteVarSubroute.Routes) > 0 {
+				subSubRoute := caddyhttp.Subroute{Routes: siteSubroute.Routes}
+				siteSubroute.Routes = append(
+					siteVarSubroute.Routes,
+					caddyhttp.Route{
+						HandlersRaw: []json.RawMessage{
+							caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(subSubRoute, "handler", "subroute", warnings),
+						},
+					},
+				)
+			}
+
+			siteSubroute.Routes = consolidateRoutes(siteSubroute.Routes)
+
+			srv.Routes = append(srv.Routes, caddyhttp.Route{
+				MatcherSetsRaw: matcherSetsEnc,
+				HandlersRaw: []json.RawMessage{
+					caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(siteSubroute, "handler", "subroute", warnings),
+				},
+			})
+		}
+
+		srv.Routes = consolidateRoutes(srv.Routes)
+
+		servers[fmt.Sprintf("srv%d", i)] = srv
+	}
+
+	return servers, nil
+}
+
+func (st ServerType) autoHTTPSHosts(sb serverBlock) ([]string, error) {
+	// get the hosts for this server block...
+	hosts, err := st.hostsFromServerBlockKeys(sb.block)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	// ...and of those, which ones qualify for auto HTTPS
+	var autoHTTPSQualifiedHosts []string
+	for _, h := range hosts {
+		if certmagic.HostQualifies(h) {
+			autoHTTPSQualifiedHosts = append(autoHTTPSQualifiedHosts, h)
+		}
+	}
+	return autoHTTPSQualifiedHosts, nil
+}
+
+// consolidateRoutes combines routes with the same properties
+// (same matchers, same Terminal and Group settings) for a
+// cleaner overall output.
+func consolidateRoutes(routes caddyhttp.RouteList) caddyhttp.RouteList {
+	for i := 0; i < len(routes)-1; i++ {
+		if reflect.DeepEqual(routes[i].MatcherSetsRaw, routes[i+1].MatcherSetsRaw) &&
+			routes[i].Terminal == routes[i+1].Terminal &&
+			routes[i].Group == routes[i+1].Group {
+			// keep the handlers in the same order, then splice out repetitive route
+			routes[i].HandlersRaw = append(routes[i].HandlersRaw, routes[i+1].HandlersRaw...)
+			routes = append(routes[:i+1], routes[i+2:]...)
+			i--
+		}
+	}
+	return routes
+}
+
+// consolidateAutomationPolicies combines automation policies that are the same,
+// for a cleaner overall output.
+func consolidateAutomationPolicies(aps []caddytls.AutomationPolicy) []caddytls.AutomationPolicy {
+	for i := 0; i < len(aps); i++ {
+		for j := 0; j < len(aps); j++ {
+			if j == i {
+				continue
+			}
+			if reflect.DeepEqual(aps[i].ManagementRaw, aps[j].ManagementRaw) {
+				aps[i].Hosts = append(aps[i].Hosts, aps[j].Hosts...)
+			}
+			aps = append(aps[:j], aps[j+1:]...)
+			i--
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	return aps
+}
+
+func matcherSetFromMatcherToken(
+	tkn caddyfile.Token,
+	matcherDefs map[string]map[string]json.RawMessage,
+	warnings *[]caddyconfig.Warning,
+) (map[string]json.RawMessage, bool, error) {
+	// matcher tokens can be wildcards, simple path matchers,
+	// or refer to a pre-defined matcher by some name
+	if tkn.Text == "*" {
+		// match all requests == no matchers, so nothing to do
+		return nil, true, nil
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(tkn.Text, "/") {
+		// convenient way to specify a single path match
+		return map[string]json.RawMessage{
+			"path": caddyconfig.JSON(caddyhttp.MatchPath{tkn.Text}, warnings),
+		}, true, nil
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(tkn.Text, "match:") {
+		// pre-defined matcher
+		matcherName := strings.TrimPrefix(tkn.Text, "match:")
+		m, ok := matcherDefs[matcherName]
+		if !ok {
+			return nil, false, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized matcher name: %+v", matcherName)
+		}
+		return m, true, nil
+	}
+
+	return nil, false, nil
+}
+
+func (st *ServerType) compileEncodedMatcherSets(sblock caddyfile.ServerBlock) ([]map[string]json.RawMessage, error) {
+	type hostPathPair struct {
+		hostm caddyhttp.MatchHost
+		pathm caddyhttp.MatchPath
+	}
+
+	// keep routes with common host and path matchers together
+	var matcherPairs []*hostPathPair
+
+	for _, key := range sblock.Keys {
+		addr, err := ParseAddress(key)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("server block %v: parsing and standardizing address '%s': %v", sblock.Keys, key, err)
+		}
+		addr = addr.Normalize()
+
+		// choose a matcher pair that should be shared by this
+		// server block; if none exists yet, create one
+		var chosenMatcherPair *hostPathPair
+		for _, mp := range matcherPairs {
+			if (len(mp.pathm) == 0 && addr.Path == "") ||
+				(len(mp.pathm) == 1 && mp.pathm[0] == addr.Path) {
+				chosenMatcherPair = mp
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		if chosenMatcherPair == nil {
+			chosenMatcherPair = new(hostPathPair)
+			if addr.Path != "" {
+				chosenMatcherPair.pathm = []string{addr.Path}
+			}
+			matcherPairs = append(matcherPairs, chosenMatcherPair)
+		}
+
+		// add this server block's keys to the matcher
+		// pair if it doesn't already exist
+		if addr.Host != "" {
+			var found bool
+			for _, h := range chosenMatcherPair.hostm {
+				if h == addr.Host {
+					found = true
+					break
+				}
+			}
+			if !found {
+				chosenMatcherPair.hostm = append(chosenMatcherPair.hostm, addr.Host)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// iterate each pairing of host and path matchers and
+	// put them into a map for JSON encoding
+	var matcherSets []map[string]caddyhttp.RequestMatcher
+	for _, mp := range matcherPairs {
+		matcherSet := make(map[string]caddyhttp.RequestMatcher)
+		if len(mp.hostm) > 0 {
+			matcherSet["host"] = mp.hostm
+		}
+		if len(mp.pathm) > 0 {
+			matcherSet["path"] = mp.pathm
+		}
+		if len(matcherSet) > 0 {
+			matcherSets = append(matcherSets, matcherSet)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// finally, encode each of the matcher sets
+	var matcherSetsEnc []map[string]json.RawMessage
+	for _, ms := range matcherSets {
+		msEncoded, err := encodeMatcherSet(ms)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("server block %v: %v", sblock.Keys, err)
+		}
+		matcherSetsEnc = append(matcherSetsEnc, msEncoded)
+	}
+
+	return matcherSetsEnc, nil
+}
+
+func encodeMatcherSet(matchers map[string]caddyhttp.RequestMatcher) (map[string]json.RawMessage, error) {
+	msEncoded := make(map[string]json.RawMessage)
+	for matcherName, val := range matchers {
+		jsonBytes, err := json.Marshal(val)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("marshaling matcher set %#v: %v", matchers, err)
+		}
+		msEncoded[matcherName] = jsonBytes
+	}
+	return msEncoded, nil
+}
+
+// tryInt tries to convert str to an integer. If it fails, it downgrades
+// the error to a warning and returns 0.
+func tryInt(str string, warnings *[]caddyconfig.Warning) int {
+	if str == "" {
+		return 0
+	}
+	val, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
+	if err != nil && warnings != nil {
+		*warnings = append(*warnings, caddyconfig.Warning{Message: err.Error()})
+	}
+	return val
+}
+
+type matcherSetAndTokens struct {
+	matcherSet map[string]json.RawMessage
+	tokens     []caddyfile.Token
+}
+
+// sbAddrAssocation is a mapping from a list of
+// addresses to a list of server blocks that are
+// served on those addresses.
+type sbAddrAssociation struct {
+	addresses    []string
+	serverBlocks []serverBlock
+}
+
+// Interface guard
+var _ caddyfile.ServerType = (*ServerType)(nil)

cmd/caddy/main.go

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import (
 	caddycmd "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/cmd"
 
 	// this is where modules get plugged in
+	_ "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 	_ "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
 	_ "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp/encode"
 	_ "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp/encode/brotli"

cmd/commands.go

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
 	"github.com/mholt/certmagic"
 	"github.com/mitchellh/go-ps"
 )
@@ -38,6 +39,7 @@ import (
 func cmdStart() (int, error) {
 	startCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("start", flag.ExitOnError)
 	startCmdConfigFlag := startCmd.String("config", "", "Configuration file")
+	startCmdConfigAdapterFlag := startCmd.String("config-adapter", "", "Name of config adapter to apply")
 	startCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
 
 	// open a listener to which the child process will connect when
@@ -62,6 +64,9 @@ func cmdStart() (int, error) {
 	if *startCmdConfigFlag != "" {
 		cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, "--config", *startCmdConfigFlag)
 	}
+	if *startCmdConfigAdapterFlag != "" {
+		cmd.Args = append(cmd.Args, "--config-adapter", *startCmdConfigAdapterFlag)
+	}
 	stdinpipe, err := cmd.StdinPipe()
 	if err != nil {
 		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
@@ -137,7 +142,8 @@ func cmdStart() (int, error) {
 func cmdRun() (int, error) {
 	runCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("run", flag.ExitOnError)
 	runCmdConfigFlag := runCmd.String("config", "", "Configuration file")
-	runCmdPrintEnvFlag := runCmd.Bool("print-env", false, "Print environment (useful for debugging)")
+	runCmdConfigAdapterFlag := runCmd.String("config-adapter", "", "Name of config adapter to apply")
+	runCmdPrintEnvFlag := runCmd.Bool("print-env", false, "Print environment")
 	runCmdPingbackFlag := runCmd.String("pingback", "", "Echo confirmation bytes to this address on success")
 	runCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
 
@@ -149,16 +155,10 @@ func cmdRun() (int, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	// if a config file was specified for bootstrapping
-	// the server instance, load it now
-	var config []byte
-	if *runCmdConfigFlag != "" {
-		var err error
-		config, err = ioutil.ReadFile(*runCmdConfigFlag)
+	// get the config in caddy's native format
+	config, err := loadConfig(*runCmdConfigFlag, *runCmdConfigAdapterFlag)
 	if err != nil {
-			return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
-				fmt.Errorf("reading config file: %v", err)
-		}
+		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup, err
 	}
 
 	// set a fitting User-Agent for ACME requests
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ func cmdRun() (int, error) {
 	certmagic.UserAgent = "Caddy/" + cleanModVersion
 
 	// start the admin endpoint along with any initial config
-	err := caddy.StartAdmin(config)
+	err = caddy.StartAdmin(config)
 	if err != nil {
 		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
 			fmt.Errorf("starting caddy administration endpoint: %v", err)
@@ -226,6 +226,7 @@ func cmdStop() (int, error) {
 func cmdReload() (int, error) {
 	reloadCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("load", flag.ExitOnError)
 	reloadCmdConfigFlag := reloadCmd.String("config", "", "Configuration file")
+	reloadCmdConfigAdapterFlag := reloadCmd.String("config-adapter", "", "Name of config adapter to apply")
 	reloadCmdAddrFlag := reloadCmd.String("address", "", "Address of the administration listener, if different from config")
 	reloadCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
 
@@ -235,11 +236,10 @@ func cmdReload() (int, error) {
 			fmt.Errorf("no configuration to load (use --config)")
 	}
 
-	// load the configuration file
-	config, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*reloadCmdConfigFlag)
+	// get the config in caddy's native format
+	config, err := loadConfig(*reloadCmdConfigFlag, *reloadCmdConfigAdapterFlag)
 	if err != nil {
-		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
-			fmt.Errorf("reading config file: %v", err)
+		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup, err
 	}
 
 	// get the address of the admin listener and craft endpoint URL
@@ -306,3 +306,52 @@ func cmdEnviron() (int, error) {
 	}
 	return caddy.ExitCodeSuccess, nil
 }
+
+func cmdAdaptConfig() (int, error) {
+	adaptCmd := flag.NewFlagSet("adapt", flag.ExitOnError)
+	adaptCmdAdapterFlag := adaptCmd.String("adapter", "", "Name of config adapter")
+	adaptCmdInputFlag := adaptCmd.String("input", "", "Configuration file to adapt")
+	adaptCmdPrettyFlag := adaptCmd.Bool("pretty", false, "Format the output for human readability")
+	adaptCmd.Parse(os.Args[2:])
+
+	if *adaptCmdAdapterFlag == "" || *adaptCmdInputFlag == "" {
+		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
+			fmt.Errorf("usage: caddy adapt-config --adapter <name> --input <file>")
+	}
+
+	cfgAdapter := caddyconfig.GetAdapter(*adaptCmdAdapterFlag)
+	if cfgAdapter == nil {
+		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
+			fmt.Errorf("unrecognized config adapter: %s", *adaptCmdAdapterFlag)
+	}
+
+	input, err := ioutil.ReadFile(*adaptCmdInputFlag)
+	if err != nil {
+		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup,
+			fmt.Errorf("reading input file: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	opts := make(map[string]string)
+	if *adaptCmdPrettyFlag {
+		opts["pretty"] = "true"
+	}
+
+	adaptedConfig, warnings, err := cfgAdapter.Adapt(input, opts)
+	if err != nil {
+		return caddy.ExitCodeFailedStartup, err
+	}
+
+	// print warnings to stderr
+	for _, warn := range warnings {
+		msg := warn.Message
+		if warn.Directive != "" {
+			msg = fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", warn.Directive, warn.Message)
+		}
+		log.Printf("[WARNING][%s] %s:%d: %s", *adaptCmdAdapterFlag, warn.File, warn.Line, msg)
+	}
+
+	// print result to stdout
+	fmt.Println(string(adaptedConfig))
+
+	return caddy.ExitCodeSuccess, nil
+}

cmd/main.go

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ import (
 	"os"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
 )
 
 // Main implements the main function of the caddy command.
@@ -62,6 +63,7 @@ var commands = map[string]commandFunc{
 	"version":      cmdVersion,
 	"list-modules": cmdListModules,
 	"environ":      cmdEnviron,
+	"adapt-config": cmdAdaptConfig,
 }
 
 func usageString() string {
@@ -85,3 +87,66 @@ func handlePingbackConn(conn net.Conn, expect []byte) error {
 	}
 	return nil
 }
+
+// loadConfig loads the config from configFile and adapts it
+// using adapterName. If adapterName is specified, configFile
+// must be also. It prints any warnings to stderr, and returns
+// the resulting JSON config bytes.
+func loadConfig(configFile, adapterName string) ([]byte, error) {
+	// specifying an adapter without a config file is ambiguous
+	if configFile == "" && adapterName != "" {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("cannot adapt config without config file (use --config)")
+	}
+
+	// load initial config and adapter
+	var config []byte
+	var cfgAdapter caddyconfig.Adapter
+	var err error
+	if configFile != "" {
+		config, err = ioutil.ReadFile(configFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("reading config file: %v", err)
+		}
+	} else if adapterName == "" {
+		// as a special case when no config file or adapter
+		// is specified, see if the Caddyfile adapter is
+		// plugged in, and if so, try using a default Caddyfile
+		cfgAdapter = caddyconfig.GetAdapter("caddyfile")
+		if cfgAdapter != nil {
+			config, err = ioutil.ReadFile("Caddyfile")
+			if err != nil && !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+				return nil, fmt.Errorf("reading default Caddyfile: %v", err)
+			}
+			configFile = "Caddyfile"
+		}
+	}
+
+	// load config adapter
+	if adapterName != "" {
+		cfgAdapter = caddyconfig.GetAdapter(adapterName)
+		if cfgAdapter == nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized config adapter: %s", adapterName)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// adapt config
+	if cfgAdapter != nil {
+		adaptedConfig, warnings, err := cfgAdapter.Adapt(config, map[string]string{
+			"filename": configFile,
+			// TODO: all other options... (http-port, etc...)
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("adapting config using %s: %v", adapterName, err)
+		}
+		for _, warn := range warnings {
+			msg := warn.Message
+			if warn.Directive != "" {
+				msg = fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", warn.Directive, warn.Message)
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("[WARNING][%s] %s:%d: %s", adapterName, warn.File, warn.Line, msg)
+		}
+		config = adaptedConfig
+	}
+
+	return config, nil
+}

context.go

@@ -99,11 +99,16 @@ func (ctx Context) LoadModule(name string, rawMsg json.RawMessage) (interface{},
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("module '%s' has no constructor", mod.Name)
 	}
 
-	val := mod.New()
+	val := mod.New().(interface{})
 
-	// value must be a pointer for unmarshaling into concrete type
+	// value must be a pointer for unmarshaling into concrete type, even if
+	// the module's concrete type is a slice or map; New() *should* return
+	// a pointer, otherwise unmarshaling errors or panics will occur
 	if rv := reflect.ValueOf(val); rv.Kind() != reflect.Ptr {
-		val = reflect.New(rv.Type()).Elem().Addr().Interface()
+		log.Printf("[WARNING] ModuleInfo.New() for module '%s' did not return a pointer,"+
+			" so we are using reflection to make a pointer instead; please fix this by"+
+			" using new(Type) or &Type notation in your module's New() function.", name)
+		val = reflect.New(rv.Type()).Elem().Addr().Interface().(Module)
 	}
 
 	// fill in its config only if there is a config to fill in

go.mod

@@ -3,20 +3,22 @@ module github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2
 go 1.12
 
 require (
-	github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.0 // indirect
+	github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.1 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.0 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/semver v1.4.2 // indirect
 	github.com/Masterminds/sprig v2.20.0+incompatible
 	github.com/andybalholm/brotli v0.0.0-20190704151324-71eb68cc467c
+	github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.0
 	github.com/go-acme/lego v2.6.0+incompatible
-	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.0 // indirect
+	github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.1 // indirect
 	github.com/google/uuid v1.1.1 // indirect
 	github.com/huandu/xstrings v1.2.0 // indirect
 	github.com/imdario/mergo v0.3.7 // indirect
 	github.com/klauspost/compress v1.7.1-0.20190613161414-0b31f265a57b
 	github.com/klauspost/cpuid v1.2.1
-	github.com/mholt/certmagic v0.6.2-0.20190624175158-6a42ef9fe8c2
+	github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0 // indirect
+	github.com/mholt/certmagic v0.6.2
 	github.com/mitchellh/go-ps v0.0.0-20170309133038-4fdf99ab2936
 	github.com/rs/cors v1.6.0
 	github.com/russross/blackfriday/v2 v2.0.1
@@ -24,6 +26,8 @@ require (
 	github.com/starlight-go/starlight v0.0.0-20181207205707-b06f321544f3
 	go.starlark.net v0.0.0-20190604130855-6ddc71c0ba77
 	golang.org/x/net v0.0.0-20190603091049-60506f45cf65
+	golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190422165155-953cdadca894 // indirect
 	golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4
+	gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127 // indirect
 	gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2 // indirect
 )

go.sum

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.0 h1:vhoV+DUHnRZdKW1i5UMjAk2G4JY8wN4ayRfYDNdEhwo=
-github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.0/go.mod h1:1jcaCB/ufaK+sKp1NBhlGmpz41jOoPQ35bpF36t7BBo=
+github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.1 h1:3oxKN3wbHibqx897utPC2LTQU4J+IHWWJO+glkAkpFM=
+github.com/DataDog/zstd v1.4.1/go.mod h1:1jcaCB/ufaK+sKp1NBhlGmpz41jOoPQ35bpF36t7BBo=
 github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.0 h1:zukEsf/1JZwCMgHiK3GZftabmxiCw4apj3a28RPBiVg=
 github.com/Masterminds/goutils v1.1.0/go.mod h1:8cTjp+g8YejhMuvIA5y2vz3BpJxksy863GQaJW2MFNU=
 github.com/Masterminds/semver v1.4.2 h1:WBLTQ37jOCzSLtXNdoo8bNM8876KhNqOKvrlGITgsTc=
@@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.1.1+incompatible h1:tKJnvO2kl0zmb/jA5UKAt4VoEVw1q
 github.com/cenkalti/backoff v2.1.1+incompatible/go.mod h1:90ReRw6GdpyfrHakVjL/QHaoyV4aDUVVkXQJJJ3NXXM=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0 h1:ZDRjVQ15GmhC3fiQ8ni8+OwkZQO4DARzQgrnXU1Liz8=
 github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.0/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1 h1:vj9j/u1bqnvCEfJOwUhtlOARqs3+rkHYY13jYWTU97c=
+github.com/davecgh/go-spew v1.1.1/go.mod h1:J7Y8YcW2NihsgmVo/mv3lAwl/skON4iLHjSsI+c5H38=
 github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.0 h1:VSnTsYCnlFHaM2/igO1h6X3HA71jcobQuxemgkq4zYo=
 github.com/dustin/go-humanize v1.0.0/go.mod h1:HtrtbFcZ19U5GC7JDqmcUSB87Iq5E25KnS6fMYU6eOk=
 github.com/go-acme/lego v2.5.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:yzMNe9CasVUhkquNvti5nAtPmG94USbYxYrZfTkIn0M=
@@ -19,8 +21,8 @@ github.com/go-acme/lego v2.6.0+incompatible h1:KxcEWOF5hKtgou4xIqPaXSRF9DoO4OJ90
 github.com/go-acme/lego v2.6.0+incompatible/go.mod h1:yzMNe9CasVUhkquNvti5nAtPmG94USbYxYrZfTkIn0M=
 github.com/golang/gddo v0.0.0-20190419222130-af0f2af80721 h1:KRMr9A3qfbVM7iV/WcLY/rL5LICqwMHLhwRXKu99fXw=
 github.com/golang/gddo v0.0.0-20190419222130-af0f2af80721/go.mod h1:xEhNfoBDX1hzLm2Nf80qUvZ2sVwoMZ8d6IE2SrsQfh4=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.0 h1:crn/baboCvb5fXaQ0IJ1SGTsTVrWpDsCWC8EGETZijY=
-github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.0/go.mod h1:8QqcDgzrUqlUb/G2PQTWiueGozuR1884gddMywk6iLU=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.1 h1:Xye71clBPdm5HgqGwUkwhbynsUJZhDbS20FvLhQ2izg=
+github.com/google/go-cmp v0.3.1/go.mod h1:8QqcDgzrUqlUb/G2PQTWiueGozuR1884gddMywk6iLU=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.1.1 h1:Gkbcsh/GbpXz7lPftLA3P6TYMwjCLYm83jiFQZF/3gY=
 github.com/google/uuid v1.1.1/go.mod h1:TIyPZe4MgqvfeYDBFedMoGGpEw/LqOeaOT+nhxU+yHo=
 github.com/huandu/xstrings v1.2.0 h1:yPeWdRnmynF7p+lLYz0H2tthW9lqhMJrQV/U7yy4wX0=
@@ -32,8 +34,13 @@ github.com/klauspost/compress v1.7.1-0.20190613161414-0b31f265a57b/go.mod h1:RyI
 github.com/klauspost/cpuid v1.2.0/go.mod h1:Pj4uuM528wm8OyEC2QMXAi2YiTZ96dNQPGgoMS4s3ek=
 github.com/klauspost/cpuid v1.2.1 h1:vJi+O/nMdFt0vqm8NZBI6wzALWdA2X+egi0ogNyrC/w=
 github.com/klauspost/cpuid v1.2.1/go.mod h1:Pj4uuM528wm8OyEC2QMXAi2YiTZ96dNQPGgoMS4s3ek=
-github.com/mholt/certmagic v0.6.2-0.20190624175158-6a42ef9fe8c2 h1:xKE9kZ5C8gelJC3+BNM6LJs1x21rivK7yxfTZMAuY2s=
-github.com/mholt/certmagic v0.6.2-0.20190624175158-6a42ef9fe8c2/go.mod h1:g4cOPxcjV0oFq3qwpjSA30LReKD8AoIfwAY9VvG35NY=
+github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0 h1:L/CwN0zerZDmRFUapSPitk6f+Q3+0za1rQkzVuMiMFI=
+github.com/kr/pretty v0.1.0/go.mod h1:dAy3ld7l9f0ibDNOQOHHMYYIIbhfbHSm3C4ZsoJORNo=
+github.com/kr/pty v1.1.1/go.mod h1:pFQYn66WHrOpPYNljwOMqo10TkYh1fy3cYio2l3bCsQ=
+github.com/kr/text v0.1.0 h1:45sCR5RtlFHMR4UwH9sdQ5TC8v0qDQCHnXt+kaKSTVE=
+github.com/kr/text v0.1.0/go.mod h1:4Jbv+DJW3UT/LiOwJeYQe1efqtUx/iVham/4vfdArNI=
+github.com/mholt/certmagic v0.6.2 h1:yy9cKm3rtxdh12SW4E51lzG3Eo6N59LEOfBQ0CTnMms=
+github.com/mholt/certmagic v0.6.2/go.mod h1:g4cOPxcjV0oFq3qwpjSA30LReKD8AoIfwAY9VvG35NY=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.3 h1:1g0r1IvskvgL8rR+AcHzUA+oFmGcQlaIm4IqakufeMM=
 github.com/miekg/dns v1.1.3/go.mod h1:W1PPwlIAgtquWBMBEV9nkV9Cazfe8ScdGz/Lj7v3Nrg=
 github.com/mitchellh/go-ps v0.0.0-20170309133038-4fdf99ab2936 h1:kw1v0NlnN+GZcU8Ma8CLF2Zzgjfx95gs3/GN3vYAPpo=
@@ -64,12 +71,16 @@ golang.org/x/sync v0.0.0-20181221193216-37e7f081c4d4/go.mod h1:RxMgew5VJxzue5/jJ
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190124100055-b90733256f2e/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a h1:1BGLXjeY4akVXGgbC9HugT3Jv3hCI0z56oJR5vAMgBU=
 golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190215142949-d0b11bdaac8a/go.mod h1:STP8DvDyc/dI5b8T5hshtkjS+E42TnysNCUPdjciGhY=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190422165155-953cdadca894 h1:Cz4ceDQGXuKRnVBDTS23GTn/pU5OE2C0WrNTOYK1Uuc=
+golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20190422165155-953cdadca894/go.mod h1:h1NjWce9XRLGQEsW7wpKNCjG9DtNlClVuFLEZdDNbEs=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0 h1:g61tztE5qeGQ89tm6NTjjM9VPIm088od1l6aSorWRWg=
 golang.org/x/text v0.3.0/go.mod h1:NqM8EUOU14njkJ3fqMW+pc6Ldnwhi/IjpwHt7yyuwOQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4 h1:SvFZT6jyqRaOeXpc5h/JSfZenJ2O330aBsf7JfSUXmQ=
 golang.org/x/time v0.0.0-20190308202827-9d24e82272b4/go.mod h1:tRJNPiyCQ0inRvYxbN9jk5I+vvW/OXSQhTDSoE431IQ=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405 h1:yhCVgyC4o1eVCa2tZl7eS0r+SDo693bJlVdllGtEeKM=
 gopkg.in/check.v1 v0.0.0-20161208181325-20d25e280405/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127 h1:qIbj1fsPNlZgppZ+VLlY7N33q108Sa+fhmuc+sWQYwY=
+gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20180628173108-788fd7840127/go.mod h1:Co6ibVJAznAaIkqp8huTwlJQCZ016jof/cbN4VW5Yz0=
 gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2 v2.2.2 h1:orlkJ3myw8CN1nVQHBFfloD+L3egixIa4FvUP6RosSA=
 gopkg.in/square/go-jose.v2 v2.2.2/go.mod h1:M9dMgbHiYLoDGQrXy7OpJDJWiKiU//h+vD76mk0e1AI=
 gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.2.2 h1:ZCJp+EgiOT7lHqUV2J862kp8Qj64Jo6az82+3Td9dZw=

modules.go

@@ -23,28 +23,76 @@ import (
 	"sync"
 )
 
-// Module represents a Caddy module.
-type Module struct {
+// Module is a type that is used as a Caddy module.
+type Module interface {
+	// This method indicates the type is a Caddy
+	// module. The returned ModuleInfo must have
+	// both a name and a constructor function.
+	// This method must not have any side-effects.
+	CaddyModule() ModuleInfo
+}
+
+// ModuleInfo represents a registered Caddy module.
+type ModuleInfo struct {
 	// Name is the full name of the module. It
 	// must be unique and properly namespaced.
 	Name string
 
-	// New returns a new, empty instance of
-	// the module's type. The host module
-	// which loads this module will likely
-	// invoke methods on the returned value.
-	// It must return a pointer; if not, it
-	// is converted into one.
-	New func() interface{}
+	// New returns a pointer to a new, empty
+	// instance of the module's type. The host
+	// module which instantiates this module will
+	// likely type-assert and invoke methods on
+	// the returned value. This function must not
+	// have any side-effects.
+	New func() Module
 }
 
-func (m Module) String() string { return m.Name }
+// Namespace returns the module's namespace (scope)
+// which is all but the last element of its name.
+// If there is no explicit namespace in the name,
+// the whole name is considered the namespace.
+func (mi ModuleInfo) Namespace() string {
+	lastDot := strings.LastIndex(mi.Name, ".")
+	if lastDot < 0 {
+		return mi.Name
+	}
+	return mi.Name[:lastDot]
+}
 
-// RegisterModule registers a module. Modules must call
-// this function in the init phase of runtime.
-func RegisterModule(mod Module) error {
-	if mod.Name == "caddy" {
-		return fmt.Errorf("modules cannot be named 'caddy'")
+// ID returns a module's ID, which is the
+// last element of its name.
+func (mi ModuleInfo) ID() string {
+	if mi.Name == "" {
+		return ""
+	}
+	parts := strings.Split(mi.Name, ".")
+	return parts[len(parts)-1]
+}
+
+func (mi ModuleInfo) String() string { return mi.Name }
+
+// RegisterModule registers a module by receiving a
+// plain/empty value of the module. For registration to
+// be properly recorded, this should be called in the
+// init phase of runtime. Typically, the module package
+// will do this as a side-effect of being imported.
+// This function returns an error if the module's info
+// is incomplete or invalid, or if the module is
+// already registered.
+func RegisterModule(instance Module) error {
+	mod := instance.CaddyModule()
+
+	if mod.Name == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing ModuleInfo.Name")
+	}
+	if mod.Name == "caddy" || mod.Name == "admin" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("module name '%s' is reserved", mod.Name)
+	}
+	if mod.New == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("missing ModuleInfo.New")
+	}
+	if val := mod.New(); val == nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("ModuleInfo.New must return a non-nil module instance")
 	}
 
 	modulesMu.Lock()
@@ -57,18 +105,27 @@ func RegisterModule(mod Module) error {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// GetModule returns a module by its full name.
-func GetModule(name string) (Module, error) {
+// GetModule returns module information from its full name.
+func GetModule(name string) (ModuleInfo, error) {
 	modulesMu.Lock()
 	defer modulesMu.Unlock()
-
 	m, ok := modules[name]
 	if !ok {
-		return Module{}, fmt.Errorf("module not registered: %s", name)
+		return ModuleInfo{}, fmt.Errorf("module not registered: %s", name)
 	}
 	return m, nil
 }
 
+// GetModuleName returns a module's name from an instance of its value.
+// If the value is not a module, an empty name will be returned.
+func GetModuleName(instance interface{}) string {
+	var name string
+	if mod, ok := instance.(Module); ok {
+		name = mod.CaddyModule().Name
+	}
+	return name
+}
+
 // GetModules returns all modules in the given scope/namespace.
 // For example, a scope of "foo" returns modules named "foo.bar",
 // "foo.loo", but not "bar", "foo.bar.loo", etc. An empty scope
@@ -78,7 +135,7 @@ func GetModule(name string) (Module, error) {
 //
 // Because modules are registered to a map, the returned slice
 // will be sorted to keep it deterministic.
-func GetModules(scope string) []Module {
+func GetModules(scope string) []ModuleInfo {
 	modulesMu.Lock()
 	defer modulesMu.Unlock()
 
@@ -90,7 +147,7 @@ func GetModules(scope string) []Module {
 		scopeParts = []string{}
 	}
 
-	var mods []Module
+	var mods []ModuleInfo
 iterateModules:
 	for name, m := range modules {
 		modParts := strings.Split(name, ".")
@@ -203,6 +260,6 @@ func strictUnmarshalJSON(data []byte, v interface{}) error {
 }
 
 var (
-	modules   = make(map[string]Module)
+	modules   = make(map[string]ModuleInfo)
 	modulesMu sync.Mutex
 )

modules/caddyhttp/caddyhttp.go

@@ -15,9 +15,12 @@
 package caddyhttp
 
 import (
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"crypto/tls"
+	"encoding/json"
 	"fmt"
+	"io"
 	"log"
 	weakrand "math/rand"
 	"net"
@@ -34,10 +37,7 @@ import (
 func init() {
 	weakrand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 
-	err := caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(App) },
-	})
+	err := caddy.RegisterModule(App{})
 	if err != nil {
 		log.Fatal(err)
 	}
@@ -55,6 +55,14 @@ type App struct {
 	ctx caddy.Context
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (App) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(App) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Provision sets up the app.
 func (app *App) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	app.ctx = ctx
@@ -224,7 +232,7 @@ func (app *App) automaticHTTPS() error {
 		// find all qualifying domain names, de-duplicated
 		domainSet := make(map[string]struct{})
 		for _, route := range srv.Routes {
-			for _, matcherSet := range route.matcherSets {
+			for _, matcherSet := range route.MatcherSets {
 				for _, m := range matcherSet {
 					if hm, ok := m.(*MatchHost); ok {
 						for _, d := range *hm {
@@ -244,6 +252,14 @@ func (app *App) automaticHTTPS() error {
 			for d := range domainSet {
 				domains = append(domains, d)
 				if !srv.AutoHTTPS.Skipped(d, srv.AutoHTTPS.SkipCerts) {
+					// if a certificate for this name is already loaded,
+					// don't obtain another one for it, unless we are
+					// supposed to ignore loaded certificates
+					if !srv.AutoHTTPS.IgnoreLoadedCerts &&
+						len(tlsApp.CertificatesWithSAN(d)) > 0 {
+						log.Printf("[INFO][%s] Skipping automatic certificate management because a certificate with that SAN is already loaded", d)
+						continue
+					}
 					domainsForCerts = append(domainsForCerts, d)
 				}
 			}
@@ -319,16 +335,16 @@ func (app *App) automaticHTTPS() error {
 				}
 				redirTo += "{http.request.uri}"
 
-				redirRoutes = append(redirRoutes, ServerRoute{
-					matcherSets: []MatcherSet{
+				redirRoutes = append(redirRoutes, Route{
+					MatcherSets: []MatcherSet{
 						{
 							MatchProtocol("http"),
 							MatchHost(domains),
 						},
 					},
-					handlers: []MiddlewareHandler{
+					Handlers: []MiddlewareHandler{
 						StaticResponse{
-							StatusCode: weakString(strconv.Itoa(http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)), // TODO: use permanent redirect instead
+							StatusCode: WeakString(strconv.Itoa(http.StatusTemporaryRedirect)), // TODO: use permanent redirect instead
 							Headers: http.Header{
 								"Location":   []string{redirTo},
 								"Connection": []string{"close"},
@@ -431,6 +447,77 @@ type MiddlewareHandler interface {
 // emptyHandler is used as a no-op handler.
 var emptyHandler HandlerFunc = func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) error { return nil }
 
+// WeakString is a type that unmarshals any JSON value
+// as a string literal, with the following exceptions:
+// 1) actual string values are decoded as strings, and
+// 2) null is decoded as empty string
+// and provides methods for getting the value as various
+// primitive types. However, using this type removes any
+// type safety as far as deserializing JSON is concerned.
+type WeakString string
+
+// UnmarshalJSON satisfies json.Unmarshaler according to
+// this type's documentation.
+func (ws *WeakString) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
+	if len(b) == 0 {
+		return io.EOF
+	}
+	if b[0] == byte('"') && b[len(b)-1] == byte('"') {
+		var s string
+		err := json.Unmarshal(b, &s)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		*ws = WeakString(s)
+		return nil
+	}
+	if bytes.Equal(b, []byte("null")) {
+		return nil
+	}
+	*ws = WeakString(b)
+	return nil
+}
+
+// MarshalJSON marshals was a boolean if true or false,
+// a number if an integer, or a string otherwise.
+func (ws WeakString) MarshalJSON() ([]byte, error) {
+	if ws == "true" {
+		return []byte("true"), nil
+	}
+	if ws == "false" {
+		return []byte("false"), nil
+	}
+	if num, err := strconv.Atoi(string(ws)); err == nil {
+		return json.Marshal(num)
+	}
+	return json.Marshal(string(ws))
+}
+
+// Int returns ws as an integer. If ws is not an
+// integer, 0 is returned.
+func (ws WeakString) Int() int {
+	num, _ := strconv.Atoi(string(ws))
+	return num
+}
+
+// Float64 returns ws as a float64. If ws is not a
+// float value, the zero value is returned.
+func (ws WeakString) Float64() float64 {
+	num, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(string(ws), 64)
+	return num
+}
+
+// Bool returns ws as a boolean. If ws is not a
+// boolean, false is returned.
+func (ws WeakString) Bool() bool {
+	return string(ws) == "true"
+}
+
+// String returns ws as a string.
+func (ws WeakString) String() string {
+	return string(ws)
+}
+
 const (
 	// DefaultHTTPPort is the default port for HTTP.
 	DefaultHTTPPort = 80

modules/caddyhttp/caddylog/log.go

@@ -24,10 +24,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.log",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Log) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Log{})
 }
 
 // Log implements a simple logging middleware.
@@ -36,6 +33,14 @@ type Log struct {
 	counter  int
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Log) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.log",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Log) },
+	}
+}
+
 func (l *Log) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddyhttp.Handler) error {
 	start := time.Now()
 

modules/caddyhttp/encode/brotli/brotli.go

@@ -16,17 +16,16 @@ package caddybrotli
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/andybalholm/brotli"
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp/encode"
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.encoders.brotli",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Brotli) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Brotli{})
 }
 
 // Brotli can create brotli encoders. Note that brotli
@@ -35,6 +34,30 @@ type Brotli struct {
 	Quality *int `json:"quality,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Brotli) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.encoders.brotli",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Brotli) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens.
+func (b *Brotli) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		if !d.NextArg() {
+			continue
+		}
+		qualityStr := d.Val()
+		quality, err := strconv.Atoi(qualityStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		b.Quality = &quality
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Validate validates b's configuration.
 func (b Brotli) Validate() error {
 	if b.Quality != nil {
@@ -66,4 +89,5 @@ func (b Brotli) NewEncoder() encode.Encoder {
 var (
 	_ encode.Encoding       = (*Brotli)(nil)
 	_ caddy.Validator       = (*Brotli)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*Brotli)(nil)
 )

modules/caddyhttp/encode/caddyfile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package encode
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterHandlerDirective("encode", parseCaddyfile)
+}
+
+// TODO: This is a good example of why UnmarshalCaddyfile is still a good idea... hmm.
+func parseCaddyfile(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	enc := new(Encode)
+	err := enc.UnmarshalCaddyfile(h.Dispenser)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return enc, nil
+}
+
+// TODO: Keep UnmarshalCaddyfile pattern?
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     encode [<matcher>] <formats...> {
+//         gzip [<level>]
+//         zstd
+//         brotli [<quality>]
+//     }
+//
+// Specifying the formats on the first line will use those formats' defaults.
+func (enc *Encode) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		for _, arg := range d.RemainingArgs() {
+			mod, err := caddy.GetModule("http.encoders." + arg)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("finding encoder module '%s': %v", mod.Name, err)
+			}
+			encoding, ok := mod.New().(Encoding)
+			if !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("module %s is not an HTTP encoding", mod.Name)
+			}
+			if enc.EncodingsRaw == nil {
+				enc.EncodingsRaw = make(map[string]json.RawMessage)
+			}
+			enc.EncodingsRaw[arg] = caddyconfig.JSON(encoding, nil)
+		}
+
+		for d.NextBlock() {
+			name := d.Val()
+			mod, err := caddy.GetModule("http.encoders." + name)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("getting encoder module '%s': %v", mod.Name, err)
+			}
+			unm, ok := mod.New().(caddyfile.Unmarshaler)
+			if !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("encoder module '%s' is not a Caddyfile unmarshaler", mod.Name)
+			}
+			err = unm.UnmarshalCaddyfile(d.NewFromNextTokens())
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			encoding, ok := unm.(Encoding)
+			if !ok {
+				return fmt.Errorf("module %s is not an HTTP encoding", mod.Name)
+			}
+			if enc.EncodingsRaw == nil {
+				enc.EncodingsRaw = make(map[string]json.RawMessage)
+			}
+			enc.EncodingsRaw[name] = caddyconfig.JSON(encoding, nil)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Interface guard
+var _ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*Encode)(nil)

modules/caddyhttp/encode/encode.go

@@ -35,10 +35,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.encode",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Encode) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Encode{})
 }
 
 // Encode is a middleware which can encode responses.
@@ -50,21 +47,25 @@ type Encode struct {
 	writerPools map[string]*sync.Pool // TODO: these pools do not get reused through config reloads...
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Encode) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.encode",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Encode) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Provision provisions enc.
 func (enc *Encode) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
-	enc.writerPools = make(map[string]*sync.Pool)
-
 	for modName, rawMsg := range enc.EncodingsRaw {
 		val, err := ctx.LoadModule("http.encoders."+modName, rawMsg)
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("loading encoder module '%s': %v", modName, err)
 		}
-		encoder := val.(Encoding)
-
-		enc.writerPools[encoder.AcceptEncoding()] = &sync.Pool{
-			New: func() interface{} {
-				return encoder.NewEncoder()
-			},
+		encoding := val.(Encoding)
+		err = enc.addEncoding(encoding)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
 		}
 	}
 	enc.EncodingsRaw = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
@@ -85,10 +86,28 @@ func (enc *Encode) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddyh
 		defer w.(*responseWriter).Close()
 		break
 	}
-
 	return next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 }
 
+func (enc *Encode) addEncoding(e Encoding) error {
+	ae := e.AcceptEncoding()
+	if ae == "" {
+		return fmt.Errorf("encoder does not specify an Accept-Encoding value")
+	}
+	if _, ok := enc.writerPools[ae]; ok {
+		return fmt.Errorf("encoder already added: %s", ae)
+	}
+	if enc.writerPools == nil {
+		enc.writerPools = make(map[string]*sync.Pool)
+	}
+	enc.writerPools[ae] = &sync.Pool{
+		New: func() interface{} {
+			return e.NewEncoder()
+		},
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // openResponseWriter creates a new response writer that may (or may not)
 // encode the response with encodingName. The returned response writer MUST
 // be closed after the handler completes.

modules/caddyhttp/encode/gzip/gzip.go

@@ -18,16 +18,15 @@ import (
 	"compress/flate"
 	"compress/gzip" // TODO: consider using https://github.com/klauspost/compress/gzip
 	"fmt"
+	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp/encode"
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.encoders.gzip",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Gzip) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Gzip{})
 }
 
 // Gzip can create gzip encoders.
@@ -35,6 +34,30 @@ type Gzip struct {
 	Level int `json:"level,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Gzip) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.encoders.gzip",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Gzip) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens.
+func (g *Gzip) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		if !d.NextArg() {
+			continue
+		}
+		levelStr := d.Val()
+		level, err := strconv.Atoi(levelStr)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		g.Level = level
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Provision provisions g's configuration.
 func (g *Gzip) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	if g.Level == 0 {
@@ -72,4 +95,5 @@ var (
 	_ encode.Encoding       = (*Gzip)(nil)
 	_ caddy.Provisioner     = (*Gzip)(nil)
 	_ caddy.Validator       = (*Gzip)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*Gzip)(nil)
 )

modules/caddyhttp/encode/zstd/zstd.go

@@ -16,20 +16,31 @@ package caddyzstd
 
 import (
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp/encode"
 	"github.com/klauspost/compress/zstd"
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.encoders.zstd",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Zstd) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Zstd{})
 }
 
 // Zstd can create Zstandard encoders.
 type Zstd struct{}
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Zstd) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.encoders.zstd",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Zstd) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens.
+func (z *Zstd) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	return nil
+}
+
 // AcceptEncoding returns the name of the encoding as
 // used in the Accept-Encoding request headers.
 func (Zstd) AcceptEncoding() string { return "zstd" }
@@ -40,5 +51,8 @@ func (z Zstd) NewEncoder() encode.Encoder {
 	return writer
 }
 
-// Interface guard
-var _ encode.Encoding = (*Zstd)(nil)
+// Interface guards
+var (
+	_ encode.Encoding       = (*Zstd)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*Zstd)(nil)
+)

modules/caddyhttp/fileserver/caddyfile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package fileserver
+
+import (
+	"encoding/json"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/modules/caddyhttp/rewrite"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterHandlerDirective("file_server", parseCaddyfile)
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterDirective("try_files", parseTryFiles)
+}
+
+func parseCaddyfile(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	var fsrv FileServer
+
+	for h.Next() {
+		args := h.RemainingArgs()
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 0:
+		case 1:
+			if args[0] != "browse" {
+				return nil, h.ArgErr()
+			}
+			fsrv.Browse = new(Browse)
+		default:
+			return nil, h.ArgErr()
+		}
+
+		for h.NextBlock() {
+			switch h.Val() {
+			case "hide":
+				fsrv.Hide = h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(fsrv.Hide) == 0 {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "index":
+				fsrv.IndexNames = h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(fsrv.Hide) == 0 {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "root":
+				if !h.Args(&fsrv.Root) {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "browse":
+				if fsrv.Browse != nil {
+					return nil, h.Err("browsing is already configured")
+				}
+				fsrv.Browse = new(Browse)
+				h.Args(&fsrv.Browse.TemplateFile)
+			default:
+				return nil, h.Errf("unknown subdirective '%s'", h.Val())
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// if no root was configured explicitly, use site root
+	if fsrv.Root == "" {
+		fsrv.Root = "{http.var.root}"
+	}
+
+	return &fsrv, nil
+}
+
+func parseTryFiles(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) ([]httpcaddyfile.ConfigValue, error) {
+	if !h.Next() {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+
+	try := h.RemainingArgs()
+	if len(try) == 0 {
+		return nil, h.ArgErr()
+	}
+
+	handler := rewrite.Rewrite{
+		URI: "{http.matchers.file.relative}{http.request.uri.query}",
+	}
+
+	matcherSet := map[string]json.RawMessage{
+		"file": h.JSON(MatchFile{
+			Root:     "{http.var.root}",
+			TryFiles: try,
+		}, nil),
+	}
+
+	return h.NewRoute(matcherSet, handler), nil
+}

modules/caddyhttp/fileserver/matcher.go

@@ -21,14 +21,12 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.file",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchFile) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchFile{})
 }
 
 // MatchFile is an HTTP request matcher that can match
@@ -51,6 +49,50 @@ type MatchFile struct {
 	TryPolicy string `json:"try_policy,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchFile) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.file",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchFile) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile sets up the matcher from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     file {
+//         root <path>
+//         try_files <files...>
+//         try_policy first_exist|smallest_size|largest_size|most_recent_modified
+//     }
+//
+func (m *MatchFile) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		for d.NextBlock() {
+			switch d.Val() {
+			case "root":
+				if !d.NextArg() {
+					return d.ArgErr()
+				}
+				m.Root = d.Val()
+			case "try_files":
+				m.TryFiles = d.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(m.TryFiles) == 0 {
+					return d.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "try_policy":
+				if !d.NextArg() {
+					return d.ArgErr()
+				}
+				m.TryPolicy = d.Val()
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if m.Root == "" {
+		m.Root = "{http.var.root}"
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Validate ensures m has a valid configuration.
 func (m MatchFile) Validate() error {
 	switch m.TryPolicy {
@@ -87,7 +129,7 @@ func (m MatchFile) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 func (m MatchFile) selectFile(r *http.Request) (rel, abs string, matched bool) {
 	repl := r.Context().Value(caddy.ReplacerCtxKey).(caddy.Replacer)
 
-	root := repl.ReplaceAll(m.Root, "")
+	root := repl.ReplaceAll(m.Root, ".")
 
 	// if list of files to try was omitted entirely,
 	// assume URL path

modules/caddyhttp/fileserver/staticfiles.go

@@ -36,10 +36,7 @@ import (
 func init() {
 	weakrand.Seed(time.Now().UnixNano())
 
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.file_server",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(FileServer) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(FileServer{})
 }
 
 // FileServer implements a static file server responder for Caddy.
@@ -48,8 +45,14 @@ type FileServer struct {
 	Hide       []string `json:"hide,omitempty"`
 	IndexNames []string `json:"index_names,omitempty"`
 	Browse     *Browse  `json:"browse,omitempty"`
+}
 
-	// TODO: Content negotiation
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (FileServer) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.file_server",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(FileServer) },
+	}
 }
 
 // Provision sets up the static files responder.
@@ -83,7 +86,7 @@ func (fsrv *FileServer) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ cadd
 
 	filesToHide := fsrv.transformHidePaths(repl)
 
-	root := repl.ReplaceAll(fsrv.Root, "")
+	root := repl.ReplaceAll(fsrv.Root, ".")
 	suffix := repl.ReplaceAll(r.URL.Path, "")
 	filename := sanitizedPathJoin(root, suffix)
 
@@ -302,7 +305,7 @@ func calculateEtag(d os.FileInfo) string {
 	return `"` + t + s + `"`
 }
 
-var defaultIndexNames = []string{"index.html"}
+var defaultIndexNames = []string{"index.html", "index.txt"}
 
 var bufPool = sync.Pool{
 	New: func() interface{} {

modules/caddyhttp/headers/caddyfile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package headers
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterHandlerDirective("headers", parseCaddyfile)
+}
+
+// parseCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     headers [<matcher>] [[+|-]<field> <value>] {
+//         [+][<field>] [<value>]
+//         [-<field>]
+//     }
+//
+// Either a block can be opened or a single header field can be configured
+// in the first line, but not both in the same directive.
+func parseCaddyfile(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	hdr := new(Headers)
+	for h.Next() {
+		// first see if headers are in the initial line
+		var hasArgs bool
+		if h.NextArg() {
+			hasArgs = true
+			field := h.Val()
+			h.NextArg()
+			value := h.Val()
+			processCaddyfileLine(hdr, field, value)
+		}
+
+		// if not, they should be in a block
+		for h.NextBlock() {
+			if hasArgs {
+				return nil, h.Err("cannot specify headers in both arguments and block")
+			}
+			field := h.Val()
+			var value string
+			if h.NextArg() {
+				value = h.Val()
+			}
+			processCaddyfileLine(hdr, field, value)
+		}
+	}
+	return hdr, nil
+}
+
+func processCaddyfileLine(hdr *Headers, field, value string) {
+	if strings.HasPrefix(field, "+") {
+		if hdr.Response == nil {
+			hdr.Response = &RespHeaderOps{HeaderOps: new(HeaderOps)}
+		}
+		if hdr.Response.Add == nil {
+			hdr.Response.Add = make(http.Header)
+		}
+		hdr.Response.Add.Set(field[1:], value)
+	} else if strings.HasPrefix(field, "-") {
+		if hdr.Response == nil {
+			hdr.Response = &RespHeaderOps{HeaderOps: new(HeaderOps)}
+		}
+		hdr.Response.Delete = append(hdr.Response.Delete, field[1:])
+		hdr.Response.Deferred = true
+	} else {
+		if hdr.Response == nil {
+			hdr.Response = &RespHeaderOps{HeaderOps: new(HeaderOps)}
+		}
+		if hdr.Response.Set == nil {
+			hdr.Response.Set = make(http.Header)
+		}
+		hdr.Response.Set.Set(field, value)
+	}
+}

modules/caddyhttp/headers/headers.go

@@ -23,10 +23,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.headers",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Headers) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Headers{})
 }
 
 // Headers is a middleware which can mutate HTTP headers.
@@ -35,6 +32,14 @@ type Headers struct {
 	Response *RespHeaderOps `json:"response,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Headers) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.headers",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Headers) },
+	}
+}
+
 // HeaderOps defines some operations to
 // perform on HTTP headers.
 type HeaderOps struct {

modules/caddyhttp/markdown/markdown.go

@@ -28,16 +28,21 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.markdown",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Markdown) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Markdown{})
 }
 
 // Markdown is a middleware for rendering a Markdown response body.
 type Markdown struct {
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Markdown) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.markdown",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Markdown) },
+	}
+}
+
 func (m Markdown) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddyhttp.Handler) error {
 	buf := bufPool.Get().(*bytes.Buffer)
 	buf.Reset()

modules/caddyhttp/matchers.go

@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ import (
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/pkg/caddyscript"
 	"go.starlark.net/starlark"
 )
@@ -79,50 +80,31 @@ type (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchHost{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchPath{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchPathRE{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchMethod{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchQuery{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchHeader{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchHeaderRE{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(new(MatchProtocol))
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchRemoteIP{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchNegate{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(new(MatchStarlarkExpr))
+}
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchHost) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
 		Name: "http.matchers.host",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchHost) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.path",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchPath) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.path_regexp",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchPathRE) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.method",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchMethod) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.query",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchQuery) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.header",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchHeader) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.header_regexp",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchHeaderRE) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.protocol",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchProtocol) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.remote_ip",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchRemoteIP) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.not",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchNegate) },
-	})
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.starlark_expr",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(MatchStarlarkExpr) },
-	})
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchHost) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchHost) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	*m = d.RemainingArgs()
+	return nil
 }
 
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
@@ -158,6 +140,14 @@ outer:
 	return false
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchPath) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.path",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchPath) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchPath) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	for _, matchPath := range m {
@@ -177,12 +167,44 @@ func (m MatchPath) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchPath) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		*m = d.RemainingArgs()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchPathRE) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.path_regexp",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchPathRE) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchPathRE) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	repl := r.Context().Value(caddy.ReplacerCtxKey).(caddy.Replacer)
 	return m.MatchRegexp.Match(r.URL.Path, repl, "path_regexp")
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchMethod) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.method",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchMethod) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchMethod) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		*m = d.RemainingArgs()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchMethod) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	for _, method := range m {
@@ -193,6 +215,26 @@ func (m MatchMethod) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchQuery) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.query",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchQuery) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchQuery) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		parts := strings.SplitN(d.Val(), "=", 2)
+		if len(parts) != 2 {
+			return d.Errf("malformed query matcher token: %s; must be in param=val format", d.Val())
+		}
+		url.Values(*m).Set(parts[0], parts[1])
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchQuery) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	for param, vals := range m {
@@ -206,6 +248,26 @@ func (m MatchQuery) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchHeader) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.header",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchHeader) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchHeader) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		var field, val string
+		if !d.Args(&field, &val) {
+			return d.Errf("expected both field and value")
+		}
+		http.Header(*m).Set(field, val)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchHeader) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	for field, allowedFieldVals := range m {
@@ -227,6 +289,29 @@ func (m MatchHeader) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return true
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchHeaderRE) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.header_regexp",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchHeaderRE) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchHeaderRE) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	if *m == nil {
+		*m = make(map[string]*MatchRegexp)
+	}
+	for d.Next() {
+		var field, val string
+		if !d.Args(&field, &val) {
+			return d.ArgErr()
+		}
+		(*m)[field] = &MatchRegexp{Pattern: val}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchHeaderRE) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	for field, rm := range m {
@@ -261,6 +346,14 @@ func (m MatchHeaderRE) Validate() error {
 	return nil
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchProtocol) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.protocol",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchProtocol) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchProtocol) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	switch string(m) {
@@ -274,6 +367,26 @@ func (m MatchProtocol) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchProtocol) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		var proto string
+		if !d.Args(&proto) {
+			return d.Err("expected exactly one protocol")
+		}
+		*m = MatchProtocol(proto)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchNegate) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.not",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchNegate) },
+	}
+}
+
 // UnmarshalJSON unmarshals data into m's unexported map field.
 // This is done because we cannot embed the map directly into
 // the struct, but we need a struct because we need another
@@ -282,6 +395,12 @@ func (m *MatchNegate) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
 	return json.Unmarshal(data, &m.matchersRaw)
 }
 
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchNegate) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	// TODO: figure out how this will work
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Provision loads the matcher modules to be negated.
 func (m *MatchNegate) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	for modName, rawMsg := range m.matchersRaw {
@@ -301,6 +420,22 @@ func (m MatchNegate) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return !m.matchers.Match(r)
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchRemoteIP) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.remote_ip",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchRemoteIP) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (m *MatchRemoteIP) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		m.Ranges = d.RemainingArgs()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // Provision parses m's IP ranges, either from IP or CIDR expressions.
 func (m *MatchRemoteIP) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	for _, str := range m.Ranges {
@@ -362,6 +497,14 @@ func (m MatchRemoteIP) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	return false
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchStarlarkExpr) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.starlark_expr", // TODO: Rename to 'starlark'?
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchStarlarkExpr) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Match returns true if r matches m.
 func (m MatchStarlarkExpr) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 	input := string(m)
@@ -379,7 +522,7 @@ func (m MatchStarlarkExpr) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 // MatchRegexp is an embeddable type for matching
 // using regular expressions.
 type MatchRegexp struct {
-	Name     string `json:"name"`
+	Name     string `json:"name,omitempty"`
 	Pattern  string `json:"pattern"`
 	compiled *regexp.Regexp
 }
@@ -431,6 +574,23 @@ func (mre *MatchRegexp) Match(input string, repl caddy.Replacer, scope string) b
 	return true
 }
 
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile implements caddyfile.Unmarshaler.
+func (mre *MatchRegexp) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		args := d.RemainingArgs()
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 1:
+			mre.Pattern = args[0]
+		case 2:
+			mre.Name = args[0]
+			mre.Pattern = args[1]
+		default:
+			return d.ArgErr()
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
 // ResponseMatcher is a type which can determine if a given response
 // status code and its headers match some criteria.
 type ResponseMatcher struct {
@@ -506,4 +666,14 @@ var (
 	_ caddy.Provisioner = (*MatchNegate)(nil)
 	_ RequestMatcher    = (*MatchStarlarkExpr)(nil)
 	_ caddy.Provisioner = (*MatchRegexp)(nil)
+
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchHost)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchPath)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchPathRE)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchMethod)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchQuery)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchHeader)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchHeaderRE)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchProtocol)(nil)
+	_ caddyfile.Unmarshaler = (*MatchRemoteIP)(nil)
 )

modules/caddyhttp/replacer.go

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 package caddyhttp
 
 import (
+	"fmt"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
 	"net/textproto"
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ import (
 func addHTTPVarsToReplacer(repl caddy.Replacer, req *http.Request, w http.ResponseWriter) {
 	httpVars := func(key string) (string, bool) {
 		if req != nil {
+			// query string parameters
 			if strings.HasPrefix(key, queryReplPrefix) {
 				vals := req.URL.Query()[key[len(queryReplPrefix):]]
 				// always return true, since the query param might
@@ -35,6 +37,7 @@ func addHTTPVarsToReplacer(repl caddy.Replacer, req *http.Request, w http.Respon
 				return strings.Join(vals, ","), true
 			}
 
+			// request header fields
 			if strings.HasPrefix(key, reqHeaderReplPrefix) {
 				field := key[len(reqHeaderReplPrefix):]
 				vals := req.Header[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey(field)]
@@ -43,6 +46,7 @@ func addHTTPVarsToReplacer(repl caddy.Replacer, req *http.Request, w http.Respon
 				return strings.Join(vals, ","), true
 			}
 
+			// cookies
 			if strings.HasPrefix(key, cookieReplPrefix) {
 				name := key[len(cookieReplPrefix):]
 				for _, cookie := range req.Cookies() {
@@ -87,14 +91,7 @@ func addHTTPVarsToReplacer(repl caddy.Replacer, req *http.Request, w http.Respon
 				return req.URL.RawQuery, true
 			}
 
-			if strings.HasPrefix(key, respHeaderReplPrefix) {
-				field := key[len(respHeaderReplPrefix):]
-				vals := w.Header()[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey(field)]
-				// always return true, since the header field might
-				// be present only in some requests
-				return strings.Join(vals, ","), true
-			}
-
+			// hostname labels
 			if strings.HasPrefix(key, hostLabelReplPrefix) {
 				idxStr := key[len(hostLabelReplPrefix):]
 				idx, err := strconv.Atoi(idxStr)
@@ -111,6 +108,7 @@ func addHTTPVarsToReplacer(repl caddy.Replacer, req *http.Request, w http.Respon
 				return hostLabels[idx], true
 			}
 
+			// path parts
 			if strings.HasPrefix(key, pathPartsReplPrefix) {
 				idxStr := key[len(pathPartsReplPrefix):]
 				idx, err := strconv.Atoi(idxStr)
@@ -129,9 +127,31 @@ func addHTTPVarsToReplacer(repl caddy.Replacer, req *http.Request, w http.Respon
 				}
 				return pathParts[idx], true
 			}
+
+			// middleware variables
+			if strings.HasPrefix(key, varsReplPrefix) {
+				varName := key[len(varsReplPrefix):]
+				tbl := req.Context().Value(VarCtxKey).(map[string]interface{})
+				raw, ok := tbl[varName]
+				if !ok {
+					// variables can be dynamic, so always return true
+					// even when it may not be set; treat as empty
+					return "", true
+				}
+				// do our best to convert it to a string efficiently
+				switch val := raw.(type) {
+				case string:
+					return val, true
+				case fmt.Stringer:
+					return val.String(), true
+				default:
+					return fmt.Sprintf("%s", val), true
+				}
+			}
 		}
 
 		if w != nil {
+			// response header fields
 			if strings.HasPrefix(key, respHeaderReplPrefix) {
 				field := key[len(respHeaderReplPrefix):]
 				vals := w.Header()[textproto.CanonicalMIMEHeaderKey(field)]
@@ -153,5 +173,6 @@ const (
 	cookieReplPrefix     = "http.request.cookie."
 	hostLabelReplPrefix  = "http.request.host.labels."
 	pathPartsReplPrefix  = "http.request.uri.path."
+	varsReplPrefix       = "http.var."
 	respHeaderReplPrefix = "http.response.header."
 )

modules/caddyhttp/requestbody/requestbody.go

@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.request_body",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(RequestBody) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(RequestBody{})
 }
 
 // RequestBody is a middleware for manipulating the request body.
@@ -33,6 +30,14 @@ type RequestBody struct {
 	MaxSize int64 `json:"max_size,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (RequestBody) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.request_body", // TODO: better name for this?
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(RequestBody) },
+	}
+}
+
 func (rb RequestBody) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddyhttp.Handler) error {
 	if r.Body == nil {
 		return next.ServeHTTP(w, r)

modules/caddyhttp/reverseproxy/module.go

@@ -16,12 +16,38 @@ package reverseproxy
 
 import (
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
 )
 
-// Register caddy module.
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.reverse_proxy",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(LoadBalanced) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(new(LoadBalanced))
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterHandlerDirective("reverse_proxy", parseCaddyfile) // TODO: "proxy"?
+}
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (*LoadBalanced) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.reverse_proxy",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(LoadBalanced) },
+	}
+}
+
+// parseCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     proxy [<matcher>] <to>
+//
+// TODO: This needs to be finished. It definitely needs to be able to open a block...
+func parseCaddyfile(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	lb := new(LoadBalanced)
+	for h.Next() {
+		allTo := h.RemainingArgs()
+		if len(allTo) == 0 {
+			return nil, h.ArgErr()
+		}
+		for _, to := range allTo {
+			lb.Upstreams = append(lb.Upstreams, &UpstreamConfig{Host: to})
+		}
+	}
+	return lb, nil
 }

modules/caddyhttp/reverseproxy/upstream.go

@@ -179,21 +179,21 @@ type LoadBalanced struct {
 
 	// The following struct fields are set by caddy configuration.
 	// TryInterval is the max duration for which request retrys will be performed for a request.
-	TryInterval string `json:"try_interval"`
+	TryInterval string `json:"try_interval,omitempty"`
 
 	// Upstreams are the configs for upstream hosts
-	Upstreams []*UpstreamConfig `json:"upstreams"`
+	Upstreams []*UpstreamConfig `json:"upstreams,omitempty"`
 
 	// LoadBalanceType is the string representation of what loadbalancing algorithm to use. i.e. "random" or "round_robin".
-	LoadBalanceType string `json:"load_balance_type"`
+	LoadBalanceType string `json:"load_balance_type,omitempty"`
 
 	// NoHealthyUpstreamsMessage is returned as a response when there are no healthy upstreams to loadbalance to.
-	NoHealthyUpstreamsMessage string `json:"no_healthy_upstreams_message"`
+	NoHealthyUpstreamsMessage string `json:"no_healthy_upstreams_message,omitempty"`
 
 	// TODO :- store healthcheckers as package level state where each upstream gets a single healthchecker
 	// currently a healthchecker is created for each upstream defined, even if a healthchecker was previously created
 	// for that upstream
-	HealthCheckers []*HealthChecker
+	HealthCheckers []*HealthChecker `json:"health_checkers,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // Cleanup stops all health checkers on a loadbalanced reverse proxy.
@@ -320,22 +320,22 @@ func (lb *LoadBalanced) random() *upstream {
 // UpstreamConfig represents the config of an upstream.
 type UpstreamConfig struct {
 	// Host is the host name of the upstream server.
-	Host string `json:"host"`
+	Host string `json:"host,omitempty"`
 
 	// FastHealthCheckDuration is the duration for which a health check is performed when a node is considered unhealthy.
-	FastHealthCheckDuration string `json:"fast_health_check_duration"`
+	FastHealthCheckDuration string `json:"fast_health_check_duration,omitempty"`
 
-	CircuitBreaker json.RawMessage `json:"circuit_breaker"`
+	CircuitBreaker json.RawMessage `json:"circuit_breaker,omitempty"`
 
 	// // CircuitBreakerConfig is the config passed to setup a circuit breaker.
-	// CircuitBreakerConfig *circuitbreaker.Config `json:"circuit_breaker"`
+	// CircuitBreakerConfig *circuitbreaker.Config `json:"circuit_breaker,omitempty"`
 	circuitbreaker CircuitBreaker
 
 	// HealthCheckDuration is the default duration for which a health check is performed.
-	HealthCheckDuration string `json:"health_check_duration"`
+	HealthCheckDuration string `json:"health_check_duration,omitempty"`
 
 	// HealthCheckPath is the path at the upstream host to use for healthchecks.
-	HealthCheckPath string `json:"health_check_path"`
+	HealthCheckPath string `json:"health_check_path,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // upstream represents an upstream host.

modules/caddyhttp/rewrite/caddyfile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package rewrite
+
+import (
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterHandlerDirective("rewrite", parseCaddyfile)
+}
+
+// parseCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     rewrite [<matcher>] <to>
+//
+// The <to> parameter becomes the new URI.
+func parseCaddyfile(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	var rewr Rewrite
+	for h.Next() {
+		rewr.URI = h.Val()
+	}
+	return rewr, nil
+}

modules/caddyhttp/rewrite/rewrite.go

@@ -24,10 +24,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.rewrite",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Rewrite) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Rewrite{})
 }
 
 // Rewrite is a middleware which can rewrite HTTP requests.
@@ -37,6 +34,14 @@ type Rewrite struct {
 	Rehandle bool   `json:"rehandle,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Rewrite) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.rewrite",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Rewrite) },
+	}
+}
+
 func (rewr Rewrite) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddyhttp.Handler) error {
 	repl := r.Context().Value(caddy.ReplacerCtxKey).(caddy.Replacer)
 	var rehandleNeeded bool

modules/caddyhttp/routes.go

@@ -22,37 +22,38 @@ import (
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
 )
 
-// ServerRoute represents a set of matching rules,
+// Route represents a set of matching rules,
 // middlewares, and a responder for handling HTTP
 // requests.
-type ServerRoute struct {
+type Route struct {
 	Group          string                       `json:"group,omitempty"`
-	MatcherSets []map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"match,omitempty"`
-	Handle      []json.RawMessage            `json:"handle,omitempty"`
+	MatcherSetsRaw []map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"match,omitempty"`
+	HandlersRaw    []json.RawMessage            `json:"handle,omitempty"`
 	Terminal       bool                         `json:"terminal,omitempty"`
 
 	// decoded values
-	matcherSets []MatcherSet
-	handlers    []MiddlewareHandler
+	MatcherSets []MatcherSet        `json:"-"`
+	Handlers    []MiddlewareHandler `json:"-"`
 }
 
 // Empty returns true if the route has all zero/default values.
-func (sr ServerRoute) Empty() bool {
-	return len(sr.MatcherSets) == 0 &&
-		len(sr.Handle) == 0 &&
-		len(sr.handlers) == 0 &&
-		!sr.Terminal &&
-		sr.Group == ""
+func (r Route) Empty() bool {
+	return len(r.MatcherSetsRaw) == 0 &&
+		len(r.MatcherSets) == 0 &&
+		len(r.HandlersRaw) == 0 &&
+		len(r.Handlers) == 0 &&
+		!r.Terminal &&
+		r.Group == ""
 }
 
-func (sr ServerRoute) anyMatcherSetMatches(r *http.Request) bool {
-	for _, ms := range sr.matcherSets {
-		if ms.Match(r) {
+func (r Route) anyMatcherSetMatches(req *http.Request) bool {
+	for _, ms := range r.MatcherSets {
+		if ms.Match(req) {
 			return true
 		}
 	}
 	// if no matchers, always match
-	return len(sr.matcherSets) == 0
+	return len(r.MatcherSets) == 0
 }
 
 // MatcherSet is a set of matchers which
@@ -73,13 +74,13 @@ func (mset MatcherSet) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
 
 // RouteList is a list of server routes that can
 // create a middleware chain.
-type RouteList []ServerRoute
+type RouteList []Route
 
 // Provision sets up all the routes by loading the modules.
 func (routes RouteList) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	for i, route := range routes {
 		// matchers
-		for _, matcherSet := range route.MatcherSets {
+		for _, matcherSet := range route.MatcherSetsRaw {
 			var matchers MatcherSet
 			for modName, rawMsg := range matcherSet {
 				val, err := ctx.LoadModule("http.matchers."+modName, rawMsg)
@@ -88,19 +89,19 @@ func (routes RouteList) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 				}
 				matchers = append(matchers, val.(RequestMatcher))
 			}
-			routes[i].matcherSets = append(routes[i].matcherSets, matchers)
+			routes[i].MatcherSets = append(routes[i].MatcherSets, matchers)
 		}
-		routes[i].MatcherSets = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+		routes[i].MatcherSetsRaw = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 
 		// handlers
-		for j, rawMsg := range route.Handle {
+		for j, rawMsg := range route.HandlersRaw {
 			mh, err := ctx.LoadModuleInline("handler", "http.handlers", rawMsg)
 			if err != nil {
 				return fmt.Errorf("loading handler module in position %d: %v", j, err)
 			}
-			routes[i].handlers = append(routes[i].handlers, mh.(MiddlewareHandler))
+			routes[i].Handlers = append(routes[i].Handlers, mh.(MiddlewareHandler))
 		}
-		routes[i].Handle = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
+		routes[i].HandlersRaw = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 	}
 	return nil
 }
@@ -135,7 +136,7 @@ func (routes RouteList) BuildCompositeRoute(req *http.Request) Handler {
 		}
 
 		// apply the rest of the route
-		for _, mh := range route.handlers {
+		for _, mh := range route.Handlers {
 			// we have to be sure to wrap mh outside
 			// of our current stack frame so that the
 			// reference to this mh isn't overwritten

modules/caddyhttp/server.go

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ func (s *Server) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	repl := caddy.NewReplacer()
 	ctx := context.WithValue(r.Context(), caddy.ReplacerCtxKey, repl)
 	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, ServerCtxKey, s)
-	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, TableCtxKey, make(map[string]interface{})) // TODO: Implement this
+	ctx = context.WithValue(ctx, VarCtxKey, make(map[string]interface{}))
 	r = r.WithContext(ctx)
 
 	// once the pointer to the request won't change
@@ -201,6 +201,14 @@ type AutoHTTPSConfig struct {
 	// that certificates will not be provisioned and managed
 	// for these names.
 	SkipCerts []string `json:"skip_certificates,omitempty"`
+
+	// By default, automatic HTTPS will obtain and renew
+	// certificates for qualifying hostnames. However, if
+	// a certificate with a matching SAN is already loaded
+	// into the cache, certificate management will not be
+	// enabled. To force automated certificate management
+	// regardless of loaded certificates, set this to true.
+	IgnoreLoadedCerts bool `json:"ignore_loaded_certificates,omitempty"`
 }
 
 // Skipped returns true if name is in skipSlice, which
@@ -225,6 +233,6 @@ const (
 	// For referencing the server instance
 	ServerCtxKey caddy.CtxKey = "server"
 
-	// For the request's variable table (TODO: implement this)
-	TableCtxKey caddy.CtxKey = "table"
+	// For the request's variable table
+	VarCtxKey caddy.CtxKey = "vars"
 )

modules/caddyhttp/staticerror.go

@@ -18,22 +18,26 @@ import (
 	"fmt"
 	"net/http"
 	"strconv"
-	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.error",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(StaticError) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(StaticError{})
 }
 
 // StaticError implements a simple handler that returns an error.
 type StaticError struct {
 	Error      string     `json:"error,omitempty"`
-	StatusCode weakString `json:"status_code,omitempty"`
+	StatusCode WeakString `json:"status_code,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (StaticError) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.error",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(StaticError) },
+	}
 }
 
 func (e StaticError) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ Handler) error {
@@ -53,43 +57,3 @@ func (e StaticError) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ Handler
 
 // Interface guard
 var _ MiddlewareHandler = (*StaticError)(nil)
-
-// weakString is a type that unmarshals any JSON value
-// as a string literal, and provides methods for
-// getting the value as different primitive types.
-// However, using this type removes any type safety
-// as far as deserializing JSON is concerned.
-type weakString string
-
-// UnmarshalJSON satisfies json.Unmarshaler. It
-// unmarshals b by always interpreting it as a
-// string literal.
-func (ws *weakString) UnmarshalJSON(b []byte) error {
-	*ws = weakString(strings.Trim(string(b), `"`))
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Int returns ws as an integer. If ws is not an
-// integer, 0 is returned.
-func (ws weakString) Int() int {
-	num, _ := strconv.Atoi(string(ws))
-	return num
-}
-
-// Float64 returns ws as a float64. If ws is not a
-// float value, the zero value is returned.
-func (ws weakString) Float64() float64 {
-	num, _ := strconv.ParseFloat(string(ws), 64)
-	return num
-}
-
-// Bool returns ws as a boolean. If ws is not a
-// boolean, false is returned.
-func (ws weakString) Bool() bool {
-	return string(ws) == "true"
-}
-
-// String returns ws as a string.
-func (ws weakString) String() string {
-	return string(ws)
-}

modules/caddyhttp/staticresp.go

@@ -20,21 +20,61 @@ import (
 	"strconv"
 
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.static_response",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(StaticResponse) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(StaticResponse{})
+	// TODO: Caddyfile directive
 }
 
 // StaticResponse implements a simple responder for static responses.
 type StaticResponse struct {
-	StatusCode weakString  `json:"status_code"`
-	Headers    http.Header `json:"headers"`
-	Body       string      `json:"body"`
-	Close      bool        `json:"close"`
+	StatusCode WeakString  `json:"status_code,omitempty"`
+	Headers    http.Header `json:"headers,omitempty"`
+	Body       string      `json:"body,omitempty"`
+	Close      bool        `json:"close,omitempty"`
+}
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (StaticResponse) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.static_response",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(StaticResponse) },
+	}
+}
+
+// UnmarshalCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     static_response [<matcher>] <status> {
+//         body <text>
+//         close
+//     }
+//
+func (s *StaticResponse) UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) error {
+	for d.Next() {
+		var statusCodeStr string
+		if d.Args(&statusCodeStr) {
+			s.StatusCode = WeakString(statusCodeStr)
+		}
+		for d.NextBlock() {
+			switch d.Val() {
+			case "body":
+				if s.Body != "" {
+					return d.Err("body already specified")
+				}
+				if !d.Args(&s.Body) {
+					return d.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "close":
+				if s.Close {
+					return d.Err("close already specified")
+				}
+				s.Close = true
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
 }
 
 func (s StaticResponse) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, _ Handler) error {

modules/caddyhttp/staticresp_test.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func TestStaticResponseHandler(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 
 	s := StaticResponse{
-		StatusCode: weakString(strconv.Itoa(http.StatusNotFound)),
+		StatusCode: WeakString(strconv.Itoa(http.StatusNotFound)),
 		Headers: http.Header{
 			"X-Test": []string{"Testing"},
 		},

modules/caddyhttp/subroute.go

@@ -22,10 +22,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.subroute",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Subroute) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Subroute{})
 }
 
 // Subroute implements a handler that compiles and executes routes.
@@ -37,6 +34,14 @@ type Subroute struct {
 	Routes RouteList `json:"routes,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Subroute) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.subroute",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Subroute) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Provision sets up subrouting.
 func (sr *Subroute) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	if sr.Routes != nil {

modules/caddyhttp/table.go

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyhttp
-
-import (
-	"net/http"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.table",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(tableMiddleware) },
-	})
-
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.matchers.table",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(tableMatcher) },
-	})
-}
-
-type tableMiddleware struct {
-}
-
-func (t tableMiddleware) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next Handler) error {
-	// tbl := r.Context().Value(TableCtxKey).(map[string]interface{})
-
-	// TODO: implement this...
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-type tableMatcher struct {
-}
-
-func (m tableMatcher) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
-	return false // TODO: implement
-}
-
-// Interface guards
-var _ MiddlewareHandler = (*tableMiddleware)(nil)
-var _ RequestMatcher = (*tableMatcher)(nil)

modules/caddyhttp/templates/caddyfile.go

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package templates
+
+import (
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/httpcaddyfile"
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	httpcaddyfile.RegisterHandlerDirective("templates", parseCaddyfile)
+}
+
+// parseCaddyfile sets up the handler from Caddyfile tokens. Syntax:
+//
+//     templates [<matcher>] {
+//         mime <types...>
+//         between <open_delim> <close_delim>
+//         root <path>
+//     }
+//
+func parseCaddyfile(h httpcaddyfile.Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
+	t := new(Templates)
+	for h.Next() {
+		for h.NextBlock() {
+			switch h.Val() {
+			case "mime":
+				t.MIMETypes = h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(t.MIMETypes) == 0 {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "between":
+				t.Delimiters = h.RemainingArgs()
+				if len(t.Delimiters) != 2 {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+			case "root":
+				if !h.Args(&t.IncludeRoot) {
+					return nil, h.ArgErr()
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if t.IncludeRoot == "" {
+		t.IncludeRoot = "{http.var.root}"
+	}
+
+	return t, nil
+}

modules/caddyhttp/templates/templates.go

@@ -27,10 +27,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "http.handlers.templates",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(Templates) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(Templates{})
 }
 
 // Templates is a middleware which execute response bodies as templates.
@@ -40,6 +37,14 @@ type Templates struct {
 	Delimiters  []string `json:"delimiters,omitempty"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (Templates) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.templates",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(Templates) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Provision provisions t.
 func (t *Templates) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	if t.MIMETypes == nil {
@@ -108,7 +113,8 @@ func (t *Templates) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next caddy
 func (t *Templates) executeTemplate(rr caddyhttp.ResponseRecorder, r *http.Request) error {
 	var fs http.FileSystem
 	if t.IncludeRoot != "" {
-		fs = http.Dir(t.IncludeRoot)
+		repl := r.Context().Value(caddy.ReplacerCtxKey).(caddy.Replacer)
+		fs = http.Dir(repl.ReplaceAll(t.IncludeRoot, "."))
 	}
 
 	ctx := &templateContext{

modules/caddyhttp/templates/tplcontext.go

@@ -136,19 +136,6 @@ func (c templateContext) Cookie(name string) string {
 	return ""
 }
 
-// Hostname gets the (remote) hostname of the client making the request.
-// Performance warning: This involves a DNS lookup.
-func (c templateContext) Hostname() string {
-	ip := c.RemoteIP()
-
-	hostnameList, err := net.LookupAddr(ip)
-	if err != nil || len(hostnameList) == 0 {
-		return c.Req.RemoteAddr
-	}
-
-	return hostnameList[0]
-}
-
 // RemoteIP gets the IP address of the client making the request.
 func (c templateContext) RemoteIP() string {
 	ip, _, err := net.SplitHostPort(c.Req.RemoteAddr)

modules/caddyhttp/vars.go

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package caddyhttp
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy.RegisterModule(VarsMiddleware{})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(VarsMatcher{})
+}
+
+// VarsMiddleware is an HTTP middleware which sets variables
+// in the context, mainly for use by placeholders.
+type VarsMiddleware map[string]string
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (VarsMiddleware) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.handlers.vars",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(VarsMiddleware) },
+	}
+}
+
+func (t VarsMiddleware) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, next Handler) error {
+	vars := r.Context().Value(VarCtxKey).(map[string]interface{})
+	repl := r.Context().Value(caddy.ReplacerCtxKey).(caddy.Replacer)
+	for k, v := range t {
+		keyExpanded := repl.ReplaceAll(k, "")
+		valExpanded := repl.ReplaceAll(v, "")
+		vars[keyExpanded] = valExpanded
+	}
+	return next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// VarsMatcher is an HTTP request matcher which can match
+// requests based on variables in the context.
+type VarsMatcher map[string]string
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (VarsMatcher) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "http.matchers.vars",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(VarsMatcher) },
+	}
+}
+
+// Match matches a request based on variables in the context.
+func (m VarsMatcher) Match(r *http.Request) bool {
+	vars := r.Context().Value(VarCtxKey).(map[string]string)
+	repl := r.Context().Value(caddy.ReplacerCtxKey).(caddy.Replacer)
+	for k, v := range m {
+		keyExpanded := repl.ReplaceAll(k, "")
+		valExpanded := repl.ReplaceAll(v, "")
+		if vars[keyExpanded] != valExpanded {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+// Interface guards
+var (
+	_ MiddlewareHandler = (*VarsMiddleware)(nil)
+	_ RequestMatcher    = (*VarsMatcher)(nil)
+)

modules/caddytls/acmemanager.go

@@ -28,10 +28,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "tls.management.acme",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(ACMEManagerMaker) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(ACMEManagerMaker{})
 }
 
 // ACMEManagerMaker makes an ACME manager
@@ -57,9 +54,17 @@ type ACMEManagerMaker struct {
 	keyType certcrypto.KeyType
 }
 
-// newManager is a no-op to satisfy the ManagerMaker interface,
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (ACMEManagerMaker) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "tls.management.acme",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(ACMEManagerMaker) },
+	}
+}
+
+// NewManager is a no-op to satisfy the ManagerMaker interface,
 // because this manager type is a special case.
-func (m *ACMEManagerMaker) newManager(interactive bool) (certmagic.Manager, error) {
+func (m ACMEManagerMaker) NewManager(interactive bool) (certmagic.Manager, error) {
 	return nil, nil
 }
 
@@ -203,4 +208,4 @@ func onDemandAskRequest(ask string, name string) error {
 }
 
 // Interface guard
-var _ managerMaker = (*ACMEManagerMaker)(nil)
+var _ ManagerMaker = (*ACMEManagerMaker)(nil)

modules/caddytls/connpolicy.go

@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ func (p *ConnectionPolicy) buildStandardTLSConfig(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	// add all the cipher suites in order, without duplicates
 	cipherSuitesAdded := make(map[uint16]struct{})
 	for _, csName := range p.CipherSuites {
-		csID := supportedCipherSuites[csName]
+		csID := SupportedCipherSuites[csName]
 		if _, ok := cipherSuitesAdded[csID]; !ok {
 			cipherSuitesAdded[csID] = struct{}{}
 			cfg.CipherSuites = append(cfg.CipherSuites, csID)
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ func (p *ConnectionPolicy) buildStandardTLSConfig(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	// add all the curve preferences in order, without duplicates
 	curvesAdded := make(map[tls.CurveID]struct{})
 	for _, curveName := range p.Curves {
-		curveID := supportedCurves[curveName]
+		curveID := SupportedCurves[curveName]
 		if _, ok := curvesAdded[curveID]; !ok {
 			curvesAdded[curveID] = struct{}{}
 			cfg.CurvePreferences = append(cfg.CurvePreferences, curveID)
@@ -203,10 +203,10 @@ func (p *ConnectionPolicy) buildStandardTLSConfig(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 
 	// min and max protocol versions
 	if p.ProtocolMin != "" {
-		cfg.MinVersion = supportedProtocols[p.ProtocolMin]
+		cfg.MinVersion = SupportedProtocols[p.ProtocolMin]
 	}
 	if p.ProtocolMax != "" {
-		cfg.MaxVersion = supportedProtocols[p.ProtocolMax]
+		cfg.MaxVersion = SupportedProtocols[p.ProtocolMax]
 	}
 	if p.ProtocolMin > p.ProtocolMax {
 		return fmt.Errorf("protocol min (%x) cannot be greater than protocol max (%x)", p.ProtocolMin, p.ProtocolMax)

modules/caddytls/fileloader.go

@@ -23,14 +23,19 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "tls.certificates.load_files",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return fileLoader{} },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(FileLoader{})
 }
 
-// fileLoader loads certificates and their associated keys from disk.
-type fileLoader []CertKeyFilePair
+// FileLoader loads certificates and their associated keys from disk.
+type FileLoader []CertKeyFilePair
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (FileLoader) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "tls.certificates.load_files",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(FileLoader) },
+	}
+}
 
 // CertKeyFilePair pairs certificate and key file names along with their
 // encoding format so that they can be loaded from disk.
@@ -42,7 +47,7 @@ type CertKeyFilePair struct {
 }
 
 // LoadCertificates returns the certificates to be loaded by fl.
-func (fl fileLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]Certificate, error) {
+func (fl FileLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]Certificate, error) {
 	var certs []Certificate
 	for _, pair := range fl {
 		certData, err := ioutil.ReadFile(pair.Certificate)
@@ -73,4 +78,4 @@ func (fl fileLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]Certificate, error) {
 }
 
 // Interface guard
-var _ CertificateLoader = (fileLoader)(nil)
+var _ CertificateLoader = (FileLoader)(nil)

modules/caddytls/folderloader.go

@@ -28,22 +28,27 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "tls.certificates.load_folders",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return folderLoader{} },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(FolderLoader{})
 }
 
-// folderLoader loads certificates and their associated keys from disk
+// FolderLoader loads certificates and their associated keys from disk
 // by recursively walking the specified directories, looking for PEM
 // files which contain both a certificate and a key.
-type folderLoader []string
+type FolderLoader []string
+
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (FolderLoader) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "tls.certificates.load_folders",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(FolderLoader) },
+	}
+}
 
 // LoadCertificates loads all the certificates+keys in the directories
 // listed in fl from all files ending with .pem. This method of loading
 // certificates expects the certificate and key to be bundled into the
 // same file.
-func (fl folderLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]Certificate, error) {
+func (fl FolderLoader) LoadCertificates() ([]Certificate, error) {
 	var certs []Certificate
 	for _, dir := range fl {
 		err := filepath.Walk(dir, func(fpath string, info os.FileInfo, err error) error {
@@ -135,4 +140,4 @@ func x509CertFromCertAndKeyPEMFile(fpath string) (tls.Certificate, error) {
 	return cert, nil
 }
 
-var _ CertificateLoader = (folderLoader)(nil)
+var _ CertificateLoader = (FolderLoader)(nil)

modules/caddytls/matchers.go

@@ -20,14 +20,19 @@ import (
 	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
 )
 
+func init() {
+	caddy.RegisterModule(MatchServerName{})
+}
+
 // MatchServerName matches based on SNI.
 type MatchServerName []string
 
-func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (MatchServerName) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
 		Name: "tls.handshake_match.sni",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return MatchServerName{} },
-	})
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(MatchServerName) },
+	}
 }
 
 // Match matches hello based on SNI.

modules/caddytls/standardstek/stek.go

@@ -24,10 +24,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "tls.stek.standard",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(standardSTEKProvider) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(standardSTEKProvider{})
 }
 
 type standardSTEKProvider struct {
@@ -35,6 +32,14 @@ type standardSTEKProvider struct {
 	timer      *time.Timer
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (standardSTEKProvider) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "tls.stek.standard",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(standardSTEKProvider) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Initialize sets the configuration for s and returns the starting keys.
 func (s *standardSTEKProvider) Initialize(config *caddytls.SessionTicketService) ([][32]byte, error) {
 	// keep a reference to the config; we'll need it when rotating keys

modules/caddytls/tls.go

@@ -30,10 +30,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(caddy.Module{
-		Name: "tls",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(TLS) },
-	})
+	caddy.RegisterModule(TLS{})
 
 	// opt-in TLS 1.3 for Go1.12
 	// TODO: remove this line when Go1.13 is released.
@@ -45,14 +42,22 @@ func init() {
 // TLS represents a process-wide TLS configuration.
 type TLS struct {
 	Certificates   map[string]json.RawMessage `json:"certificates,omitempty"`
-	Automation     AutomationConfig           `json:"automation,omitempty"`
-	SessionTickets SessionTicketService       `json:"session_tickets,omitempty"`
+	Automation     AutomationConfig           `json:"automation"`
+	SessionTickets SessionTicketService       `json:"session_tickets"`
 
 	certificateLoaders []CertificateLoader
 	certCache          *certmagic.Cache
 	ctx                caddy.Context
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (TLS) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
+	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "tls",
+		New:  func() caddy.Module { return new(TLS) },
+	}
+}
+
 // Provision sets up the configuration for the TLS app.
 func (t *TLS) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 	t.ctx = ctx
@@ -73,7 +78,7 @@ func (t *TLS) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 		if err != nil {
 			return fmt.Errorf("loading TLS automation management module: %s", err)
 		}
-		t.Automation.Policies[i].Management = val.(managerMaker)
+		t.Automation.Policies[i].Management = val.(ManagerMaker)
 		t.Automation.Policies[i].ManagementRaw = nil // allow GC to deallocate - TODO: Does this help?
 	}
 
@@ -105,16 +110,12 @@ func (t *TLS) Provision(ctx caddy.Context) error {
 		onDemandRateLimiter.SetLimit(0)
 	}
 
-	return nil
-}
-
-// Start activates the TLS module.
-func (t *TLS) Start() error {
+	// load manual/static (unmanaged) certificates - we do this in
+	// provision so that other apps (such as http) can know which
+	// certificates have been manually loaded
 	magic := certmagic.New(t.certCache, certmagic.Config{
-		Storage: t.ctx.Storage(),
+		Storage: ctx.Storage(),
 	})
-
-	// load manual/static (unmanaged) certificates
 	for _, loader := range t.certificateLoaders {
 		certs, err := loader.LoadCertificates()
 		if err != nil {
@@ -128,6 +129,11 @@ func (t *TLS) Start() error {
 		}
 	}
 
+	return nil
+}
+
+// Start activates the TLS module.
+func (t *TLS) Start() error {
 	// load automated (managed) certificates
 	if automatedRawMsg, ok := t.Certificates[automateKey]; ok {
 		var names []string
@@ -204,6 +210,12 @@ func (t *TLS) getAutomationPolicyForName(name string) AutomationPolicy {
 	return AutomationPolicy{Management: mgmt}
 }
 
+// CertificatesWithSAN returns the list of all certificates
+// in the cache the match the given SAN value.
+func (t *TLS) CertificatesWithSAN(san string) []certmagic.Certificate {
+	return t.certCache.CertificatesWithSAN(san)
+}
+
 // CertificateLoader is a type that can load certificates.
 // Certificates can optionally be associated with tags.
 type CertificateLoader interface {
@@ -230,7 +242,7 @@ type AutomationPolicy struct {
 	Hosts         []string        `json:"hosts,omitempty"`
 	ManagementRaw json.RawMessage `json:"management,omitempty"`
 
-	Management managerMaker `json:"-"`
+	Management ManagerMaker `json:"-"`
 }
 
 // makeCertMagicConfig converts ap into a CertMagic config. Passing onDemand
@@ -245,7 +257,7 @@ func (ap AutomationPolicy) makeCertMagicConfig(ctx caddy.Context) certmagic.Conf
 	}
 
 	return certmagic.Config{
-		NewManager: ap.Management.newManager,
+		NewManager: ap.Management.NewManager,
 	}
 }
 
@@ -283,9 +295,9 @@ type RateLimit struct {
 	Burst    int            `json:"burst,omitempty"`
 }
 
-// managerMaker makes a certificate manager.
-type managerMaker interface {
-	newManager(interactive bool) (certmagic.Manager, error)
+// ManagerMaker makes a certificate manager.
+type ManagerMaker interface {
+	NewManager(interactive bool) (certmagic.Manager, error)
 }
 
 // These perpetual values are used for on-demand TLS.

modules/caddytls/values.go

@@ -22,12 +22,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/klauspost/cpuid"
 )
 
-// supportedCipherSuites is the unordered map of cipher suite
+// SupportedCipherSuites is the unordered map of cipher suite
 // string names to their definition in crypto/tls. All values
 // should be IANA-reserved names. See
 // https://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xhtml
+// Two of the cipher suite constants in the standard lib do not use the
+// full IANA name, but we do; see:
+// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/32061 and
+// https://github.com/golang/go/issues/30325#issuecomment-512862374.
 // TODO: might not be needed much longer: https://github.com/golang/go/issues/30325
-var supportedCipherSuites = map[string]uint16{
+var SupportedCipherSuites = map[string]uint16{
 	"TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384":       tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
 	"TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384":         tls.TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384,
 	"TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256":       tls.TLS_ECDHE_ECDSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256,
@@ -84,22 +88,24 @@ func getOptimalDefaultCipherSuites() []uint16 {
 	return defaultCipherSuitesWithoutAESNI
 }
 
-// supportedCurves is the unordered map of supported curves.
+// SupportedCurves is the unordered map of supported curves.
 // https://golang.org/pkg/crypto/tls/#CurveID
-var supportedCurves = map[string]tls.CurveID{
-	"X25519": tls.X25519,
-	"P256":   tls.CurveP256,
-	"P384":   tls.CurveP384,
-	"P521":   tls.CurveP521,
+var SupportedCurves = map[string]tls.CurveID{
+	// TODO: Use IANA names, probably? see https://www.iana.org/assignments/tls-parameters/tls-parameters.xhtml#tls-parameters-8
+	// All named crypto/elliptic curves have secpXXXr1 IANA names.
+	"x25519": tls.X25519,    // x25519, 29
+	"p256":   tls.CurveP256, // secp256r1, 23
+	"p384":   tls.CurveP384, // secp384r1, 24
+	"p521":   tls.CurveP521, // secp521r1, 25
 }
 
 // supportedCertKeyTypes is all the key types that are supported
 // for certificates that are obtained through ACME.
 var supportedCertKeyTypes = map[string]certcrypto.KeyType{
-	"RSA2048": certcrypto.RSA2048,
-	"RSA4096": certcrypto.RSA4096,
-	"P256":    certcrypto.EC256,
-	"P384":    certcrypto.EC384,
+	"rsa_2048": certcrypto.RSA2048,
+	"rsa_4096": certcrypto.RSA4096,
+	"ec_p256":  certcrypto.EC256,
+	"ec_p384":  certcrypto.EC384,
 }
 
 // defaultCurves is the list of only the curves we want to use
@@ -115,9 +121,9 @@ var defaultCurves = []tls.CurveID{
 	tls.CurveP256,
 }
 
-// supportedProtocols is a map of supported protocols.
-// HTTP/2 only supports TLS 1.2 and higher.
-var supportedProtocols = map[string]uint16{
+// SupportedProtocols is a map of supported protocols.
+// Note that HTTP/2 only supports TLS 1.2 and higher.
+var SupportedProtocols = map[string]uint16{
 	"tls1.0": tls.VersionTLS10,
 	"tls1.1": tls.VersionTLS11,
 	"tls1.2": tls.VersionTLS12,

modules_test.go

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import (
 
 func TestGetModules(t *testing.T) {
 	modulesMu.Lock()
-	modules = map[string]Module{
+	modules = map[string]ModuleInfo{
 		"a":      {Name: "a"},
 		"a.b":    {Name: "a.b"},
 		"a.b.c":  {Name: "a.b.c"},
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ func TestGetModules(t *testing.T) {
 
 	for i, tc := range []struct {
 		input  string
-		expect []Module
+		expect []ModuleInfo
 	}{
 		{
 			input: "",
-			expect: []Module{
+			expect: []ModuleInfo{
 				{Name: "a"},
 				{Name: "b"},
 				{Name: "c"},
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ func TestGetModules(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			input: "a",
-			expect: []Module{
+			expect: []ModuleInfo{
 				{Name: "a.b"},
 				{Name: "a.c"},
 				{Name: "a.d"},
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func TestGetModules(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			input: "a.b",
-			expect: []Module{
+			expect: []ModuleInfo{
 				{Name: "a.b.c"},
 				{Name: "a.b.cd"},
 			},
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ func TestGetModules(t *testing.T) {
 		},
 		{
 			input: "b",
-			expect: []Module{
+			expect: []ModuleInfo{
 				{Name: "b.a"},
 				{Name: "b.b"},
 			},

storage.go

@@ -23,10 +23,7 @@ import (
 )
 
 func init() {
-	RegisterModule(Module{
-		Name: "caddy.storage.file_system",
-		New:  func() interface{} { return new(fileStorage) },
-	})
+	RegisterModule(fileStorage{})
 }
 
 // StorageConverter is a type that can convert itself
@@ -43,6 +40,14 @@ type fileStorage struct {
 	Root string `json:"root"`
 }
 
+// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
+func (fileStorage) CaddyModule() ModuleInfo {
+	return ModuleInfo{
+		Name: "caddy.storage.file_system",
+		New:  func() Module { return new(fileStorage) },
+	}
+}
+
 func (s fileStorage) CertMagicStorage() (certmagic.Storage, error) {
 	return &certmagic.FileStorage{Path: s.Root}, nil
 }